Triple

T20627386
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Liouville–Arnold theorem E506853 entity
Predicate historicalNote P1451 FINISHED
Object Arnold formulated the modern geometric version in the 20th century NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Arnold formulated the modern geometric version in the 20th century | Statement: [Liouville–Arnold theorem, historicalNote, Arnold formulated the modern geometric version in the 20th century]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Arnold formulated the modern geometric version in the 20th century
Context triple: [Liouville–Arnold theorem, historicalNote, Arnold formulated the modern geometric version in the 20th century]
  • A. Erlangen Program
    The Erlangen Program is Felix Klein’s influential 1872 framework that classifies and studies geometries based on their underlying symmetry groups and transformation properties.
  • B. S. S. Chern school of differential geometry
    The S. S. Chern school of differential geometry is a mathematical tradition and research lineage in differential geometry founded and shaped by Shiing-Shen Chern and his students, known for its deep contributions to global differential geometry and characteristic classes.
  • C. Veblen's Analysis Situs
    Veblen's *Analysis Situs* is an influential early 20th-century work in topology that helped formalize and develop the foundations of the subject.
  • D. Geometric period
    The Geometric period was an early phase of ancient Greek art and culture (c. 900–700 BCE) characterized by geometric motifs in pottery and the emergence of distinct city-states.
  • E. Gauss–Bonnet theorem (early form)
    The Gauss–Bonnet theorem (early form) is an early version of the fundamental result in differential geometry that links the total curvature of a surface to its topological characteristics, originally developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Arnold formulated the modern geometric version in the 20th century
Target entity description: The Liouville–Arnold theorem is a fundamental result in Hamiltonian mechanics that characterizes the integrability of dynamical systems by showing that, under certain conditions, their motion can be described using action-angle variables on invariant tori.
  • A. Erlangen Program
    The Erlangen Program is Felix Klein’s influential 1872 framework that classifies and studies geometries based on their underlying symmetry groups and transformation properties.
  • B. S. S. Chern school of differential geometry
    The S. S. Chern school of differential geometry is a mathematical tradition and research lineage in differential geometry founded and shaped by Shiing-Shen Chern and his students, known for its deep contributions to global differential geometry and characteristic classes.
  • C. Veblen's Analysis Situs
    Veblen's *Analysis Situs* is an influential early 20th-century work in topology that helped formalize and develop the foundations of the subject.
  • D. Geometric period
    The Geometric period was an early phase of ancient Greek art and culture (c. 900–700 BCE) characterized by geometric motifs in pottery and the emergence of distinct city-states.
  • E. Gauss–Bonnet theorem (early form)
    The Gauss–Bonnet theorem (early form) is an early version of the fundamental result in differential geometry that links the total curvature of a surface to its topological characteristics, originally developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0b4bd4a0081908d4e97a590a33fb2 completed April 16, 2026, 10:06 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e6abe645888190b639ebedc5b3041a completed April 20, 2026, 10:42 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 11:42 a.m.