Triple

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Phrase: quadratic residuosity problem | Statement: [Blum integer, relatedTo, quadratic residuosity problem]

Target entity: quadratic residuosity problem
Context triple: [Blum integer, relatedTo, quadratic residuosity problem]

• A. Rabin cryptosystem
  The Rabin cryptosystem is a public-key encryption scheme based on the hardness of integer factorization, notable for its provable security equivalence to factoring and its similarity to RSA.
• B. quadratic reciprocity law
  The quadratic reciprocity law is a fundamental theorem in number theory that characterizes when a quadratic equation modulo one odd prime has solutions in terms of solvability modulo another, revealing a deep symmetry between primes.
• C. short integer solution (SIS) problem
  The short integer solution (SIS) problem is a fundamental lattice-based computational problem that underpins many modern cryptographic constructions, especially in post-quantum cryptography.
• D. Blum–Blum–Shub pseudorandom number generator
  The Blum–Blum–Shub pseudorandom number generator is a cryptographically secure generator based on the hardness of factoring large composite numbers, widely studied in theoretical computer science and cryptography.
• E. RSA Design
  RSA Design is a creative design division of the production company RSA Films, specializing in visual and graphic solutions for film, advertising, and branded content.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: quadratic residuosity problem
Target entity description: The quadratic residuosity problem is a fundamental decision problem in number theory and cryptography that asks, given an integer and a modulus (typically a composite like a Blum integer), whether the integer is a quadratic residue modulo that modulus.

• A. Rabin cryptosystem
  The Rabin cryptosystem is a public-key encryption scheme based on the hardness of integer factorization, notable for its provable security equivalence to factoring and its similarity to RSA.
• B. quadratic reciprocity law
  The quadratic reciprocity law is a fundamental theorem in number theory that characterizes when a quadratic equation modulo one odd prime has solutions in terms of solvability modulo another, revealing a deep symmetry between primes.
• C. short integer solution (SIS) problem
  The short integer solution (SIS) problem is a fundamental lattice-based computational problem that underpins many modern cryptographic constructions, especially in post-quantum cryptography.
• D. Blum–Blum–Shub pseudorandom number generator
  The Blum–Blum–Shub pseudorandom number generator is a cryptographically secure generator based on the hardness of factoring large composite numbers, widely studied in theoretical computer science and cryptography.
• E. RSA Design
  RSA Design is a creative design division of the production company RSA Films, specializing in visual and graphic solutions for film, advertising, and branded content.
• F. None of above. chosen