Triple

T20265565
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Avner Friedman E498957 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications | Statement: [Avner Friedman, notableWork, Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications
Context triple: [Avner Friedman, notableWork, Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications]
  • A. "Continuous Markov Processes and Stochastic Equations"
    "Continuous Markov Processes and Stochastic Equations" is a foundational mathematical work that rigorously develops the theory of continuous-time Markov processes and their representation via stochastic differential equations.
  • B. Lyons' rough path theory
    Lyons' rough path theory is a mathematical framework that extends classical calculus to analyze and solve differential equations driven by highly irregular signals, such as paths with low regularity or stochastic processes like Brownian motion.
  • C. Itô calculus
    Itô calculus is a branch of stochastic analysis that extends classical calculus to functions of stochastic processes, particularly Brownian motion, enabling rigorous treatment of stochastic differential equations.
  • D. Freidlin–Wentzell theory
    Freidlin–Wentzell theory is a mathematical framework in probability that analyzes the behavior of stochastic dynamical systems under small random perturbations using large deviation principles.
  • E. Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications
    "Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications" is a foundational textbook by Emanuel Parzen that systematically develops modern probability theory and demonstrates its use in a wide range of statistical and applied contexts.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications
Target entity description: "Stochastic Differential Equations and Applications" is a foundational mathematical text by Avner Friedman that develops the theory and diverse applications of stochastic differential equations.
  • A. "Continuous Markov Processes and Stochastic Equations"
    "Continuous Markov Processes and Stochastic Equations" is a foundational mathematical work that rigorously develops the theory of continuous-time Markov processes and their representation via stochastic differential equations.
  • B. Lyons' rough path theory
    Lyons' rough path theory is a mathematical framework that extends classical calculus to analyze and solve differential equations driven by highly irregular signals, such as paths with low regularity or stochastic processes like Brownian motion.
  • C. Itô calculus
    Itô calculus is a branch of stochastic analysis that extends classical calculus to functions of stochastic processes, particularly Brownian motion, enabling rigorous treatment of stochastic differential equations.
  • D. Freidlin–Wentzell theory
    Freidlin–Wentzell theory is a mathematical framework in probability that analyzes the behavior of stochastic dynamical systems under small random perturbations using large deviation principles.
  • E. Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications
    "Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications" is a foundational textbook by Emanuel Parzen that systematically develops modern probability theory and demonstrates its use in a wide range of statistical and applied contexts.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69da6275fa6c8190952924930adee150 completed April 11, 2026, 3:02 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e674cf3d648190a0b0a7795045228a completed April 20, 2026, 6:47 p.m.
Created at: April 11, 2026, 11:41 p.m.