Triple

T19636708
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Byzantine fault tolerance E471415 entity
Predicate oftenFormalizedAs P85769 FINISHED
Object Byzantine agreement problem NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Byzantine agreement problem | Statement: [Byzantine fault tolerance, oftenFormalizedAs, Byzantine agreement problem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Byzantine agreement problem
Context triple: [Byzantine fault tolerance, oftenFormalizedAs, Byzantine agreement problem]
  • A. Byzantine fault tolerance
    Byzantine fault tolerance is a property of distributed systems that enables them to continue operating correctly even when some components behave arbitrarily or maliciously.
  • B. Byzantine Generals Problem chosen
    The Byzantine Generals Problem is a classic computer science and distributed systems thought experiment that illustrates the difficulty of achieving reliable consensus among participants in the presence of faulty or malicious actors.
  • C. "Reaching Agreement in the Presence of Faults"
    "Reaching Agreement in the Presence of Faults" is a seminal paper in distributed computing that introduced the Byzantine Generals Problem and laid the foundations for understanding consensus in unreliable, fault-prone systems.
  • D. Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance
    Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance is a consensus algorithm for distributed systems that efficiently tolerates Byzantine (arbitrary) faults, enabling reliable operation even when some nodes behave maliciously or unpredictably.
  • E. FLP impossibility result
    The FLP impossibility result is a foundational theorem in distributed computing showing that in an asynchronous system, no deterministic consensus protocol can guarantee both safety and liveness in the presence of even a single crash failure.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: oftenFormalizedAs
Context triple: [Byzantine fault tolerance, oftenFormalizedAs, Byzantine agreement problem]
  • A. formalizedUnder
    Indicates that something has been officially established, defined, or codified within the framework, authority, or provisions of a particular formal system, agreement, or institution.
  • B. isFormalizedBy
    Indicates that something is given a defined, structured, or official form through a specific method, process, or representation.
  • C. formalizedAt
    Indicates the point in time or event at which something is officially established, documented, or given formal status.
  • D. formalization
    Indicates that an informal concept, process, or agreement is being expressed, structured, or codified in a formal, explicit, and often standardized way.
  • E. formalismFor chosen
    Indicates that one entity serves as a formal representation, framework, or notation specifically designed to model, describe, or reason about another entity.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8e511f28481909f4bc3ea9191e54a completed April 10, 2026, 11:54 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e641070528819085663c439f50148e completed April 20, 2026, 3:06 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69e514e5cb108190ae260e466c447314 completed April 19, 2026, 5:46 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:44 p.m.