Triple

T1844454
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Title 35 of the United States Code E41250 entity
Predicate contains P35 FINISHED
Object Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents
Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents is a section of U.S. patent law that sets out the legal standards, rights, and remedies related to unauthorized use of patented inventions.
 E205837 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents | Statement: [Title 35 of the United States Code, contains, Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents
Context triple: [Title 35 of the United States Code, contains, Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents]
  • A. Foundations of Intellectual Property
    Foundations of Intellectual Property is a scholarly work by Jane C. Ginsburg that provides a comprehensive introduction to the legal principles and policy foundations of intellectual property law.
  • B. Technical Corrections to the Bayh–Dole Act
    Technical Corrections to the Bayh–Dole Act is a legislative measure that refined and clarified the original Bayh–Dole Act’s provisions governing the ownership and commercialization of inventions arising from federally funded research.
  • C. Copyright: Cases and Materials
    "Copyright: Cases and Materials" is a leading law school casebook on U.S. copyright law, co-authored by Jane C. Ginsburg and widely used for teaching and scholarly reference.
  • D. The Danger of Software Patents
    "The Danger of Software Patents" is an essay by Richard Stallman warning that software patents threaten innovation, restrict programmers' freedom, and endanger the development and distribution of free software.
  • E. Article 123
    Article 123 is the provision of the Mexican Constitution that establishes and regulates labor rights and working conditions in Mexico.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents
Triple: [Title 35 of the United States Code, contains, Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents]
Generated description
Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents is a section of U.S. patent law that sets out the legal standards, rights, and remedies related to unauthorized use of patented inventions.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents
Target entity description: Chapter 28 – Infringement of patents is a section of U.S. patent law that sets out the legal standards, rights, and remedies related to unauthorized use of patented inventions.
  • A. Foundations of Intellectual Property
    Foundations of Intellectual Property is a scholarly work by Jane C. Ginsburg that provides a comprehensive introduction to the legal principles and policy foundations of intellectual property law.
  • B. Technical Corrections to the Bayh–Dole Act
    Technical Corrections to the Bayh–Dole Act is a legislative measure that refined and clarified the original Bayh–Dole Act’s provisions governing the ownership and commercialization of inventions arising from federally funded research.
  • C. Copyright: Cases and Materials
    "Copyright: Cases and Materials" is a leading law school casebook on U.S. copyright law, co-authored by Jane C. Ginsburg and widely used for teaching and scholarly reference.
  • D. The Danger of Software Patents
    "The Danger of Software Patents" is an essay by Richard Stallman warning that software patents threaten innovation, restrict programmers' freedom, and endanger the development and distribution of free software.
  • E. Article 123
    Article 123 is the provision of the Mexican Constitution that establishes and regulates labor rights and working conditions in Mexico.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a88648cd44819093303206d96d76ad completed March 4, 2026, 7:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69abb04fe9d481909b5c1973d3f9b92d completed March 7, 2026, 4:57 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69adc9c070548190af52d3feaa3aead2 completed March 8, 2026, 7:10 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69adcb1466788190bdcb50107d838f83 completed March 8, 2026, 7:16 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69adcbf5b0b881909d43c748034481f4 completed March 8, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:33 p.m.