Triple
T18436770
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Clean Development Mechanism |
E450411
|
entity |
| Predicate | creditUnitName |
P98440
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Certified Emission Reduction |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Certified Emission Reduction | Statement: [Clean Development Mechanism, creditUnitName, Certified Emission Reduction]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Certified Emission Reduction Context triple: [Clean Development Mechanism, creditUnitName, Certified Emission Reduction]
-
A.
Clean Development Mechanism
The Clean Development Mechanism is a United Nations climate policy tool under the Kyoto Protocol that allows industrialized countries to fund emission-reduction projects in developing nations and earn carbon credits in return.
-
B.
EU Emissions Trading System
The EU Emissions Trading System is the European Union’s cap-and-trade carbon market that limits greenhouse gas emissions by requiring companies to hold tradable allowances for each tonne of CO₂ they emit.
-
C.
ISO 14064 series
The ISO 14064 series is a set of international standards that provide principles and requirements for quantifying, monitoring, reporting, and verifying greenhouse gas emissions and removals at the organizational and project levels.
-
D.
REDD+
REDD+ is an international climate policy framework that incentivizes developing countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation while promoting conservation, sustainable forest management, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
-
E.
Carbon Fund
Carbon Fund is a Conservation International program that supports climate change mitigation by financing projects that reduce or offset greenhouse gas emissions through forest conservation and sustainable land-use initiatives.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Certified Emission Reduction Target entity description: Certified Emission Reduction is a tradable carbon credit issued under the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism for verified reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries.
-
A.
Clean Development Mechanism
The Clean Development Mechanism is a United Nations climate policy tool under the Kyoto Protocol that allows industrialized countries to fund emission-reduction projects in developing nations and earn carbon credits in return.
-
B.
EU Emissions Trading System
The EU Emissions Trading System is the European Union’s cap-and-trade carbon market that limits greenhouse gas emissions by requiring companies to hold tradable allowances for each tonne of CO₂ they emit.
-
C.
ISO 14064 series
The ISO 14064 series is a set of international standards that provide principles and requirements for quantifying, monitoring, reporting, and verifying greenhouse gas emissions and removals at the organizational and project levels.
-
D.
REDD+
REDD+ is an international climate policy framework that incentivizes developing countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation while promoting conservation, sustainable forest management, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
-
E.
Carbon Fund
Carbon Fund is a Conservation International program that supports climate change mitigation by financing projects that reduce or offset greenhouse gas emissions through forest conservation and sustainable land-use initiatives.
- F. None of above. chosen
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: creditUnitName Context triple: [Clean Development Mechanism, creditUnitName, Certified Emission Reduction]
-
A.
courseCreditType
Indicates the type or category of academic credit associated with a course.
-
B.
teachingUnit
Indicates that one entity functions as an instructional or educational unit used for teaching another entity.
-
C.
designationUnit
chosen
Indicates that one entity serves as the unit or standard of measure used to designate, label, or quantify another entity.
-
D.
courseName
Indicates the specific name or title assigned to a course in an educational context.
-
E.
universityUnitType
Indicates the specific category or type of organizational unit within a university (such as department, faculty, school, or institute) that an entity belongs to.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8d381d6388190a9e94e9c658174e4 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 10:40 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e51c0cd30c8190b8417c264e60d3a5 |
completed | April 19, 2026, 6:16 p.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69e469c943a4819094c8fdc5971ad3a7 |
completed | April 19, 2026, 5:36 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 11:29 a.m.