Triple
T18389388
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Assigned Amount Unit |
E449680
|
entity |
| Predicate | usedInMechanism |
P25490
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Kyoto Protocol cap-and-trade system |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kyoto Protocol cap-and-trade system | Statement: [Assigned Amount Unit, usedInMechanism, Kyoto Protocol cap-and-trade system]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kyoto Protocol cap-and-trade system Context triple: [Assigned Amount Unit, usedInMechanism, Kyoto Protocol cap-and-trade system]
-
A.
EU Emissions Trading System
The EU Emissions Trading System is the European Union’s cap-and-trade carbon market that limits greenhouse gas emissions by requiring companies to hold tradable allowances for each tonne of CO₂ they emit.
-
B.
Kyoto Protocol
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty under the UN climate regime that legally binds industrialized countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through quantified targets and market-based mechanisms.
-
C.
International Emissions Trading
chosen
International Emissions Trading is a market-based climate policy mechanism that allows countries or entities with surplus greenhouse gas emission allowances to sell them to those exceeding their emission limits, thereby promoting cost-effective global emissions reductions.
-
D.
Compliance Committee under the Kyoto Protocol
The Compliance Committee under the Kyoto Protocol is the treaty’s enforcement and facilitation body responsible for assessing and addressing Parties’ compliance with their climate change commitments.
-
E.
Clean Development Mechanism
The Clean Development Mechanism is a United Nations climate policy tool under the Kyoto Protocol that allows industrialized countries to fund emission-reduction projects in developing nations and earn carbon credits in return.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
PD
Predicate disambiguation
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: usedInMechanism Context triple: [Assigned Amount Unit, usedInMechanism, Kyoto Protocol cap-and-trade system]
-
A.
mentionsMechanism
Indicates that one entity explicitly refers to or describes the mechanism, process, or causal pathway by which another entity operates or produces an effect.
-
B.
hasMechanism
Indicates that one entity operates, functions, or produces an effect through the specified mechanism or process.
-
C.
areUsedIn
chosen
Indicates that certain entities serve as components, tools, or resources within a particular process, context, or application.
-
D.
usedInOperation
Indicates that something (such as a tool, method, or resource) is employed or applied during the execution of a particular operation or procedure.
-
E.
usedInStructure
Indicates that something (such as a material, component, or element) is employed as part of the composition or construction of a larger structure.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8b9fab8a8819086a9ddc0871715e0 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 8:51 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e518416bc48190a20fa66c43d545d9 |
completed | April 19, 2026, 6 p.m. |
| PD | Predicate disambiguation | batch_69e44ff1f92c8190afbb8e85d12bf2a9 |
completed | April 19, 2026, 3:45 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:46 a.m.