Triple
T18266172
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Leonard Carlitz |
E437489
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Carlitz exponential |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Carlitz exponential | Statement: [Leonard Carlitz, notableFor, Carlitz exponential]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carlitz exponential Context triple: [Leonard Carlitz, notableFor, Carlitz exponential]
-
A.
Jacobi sums
Jacobi sums are special algebraic number theory constructs formed from character sums over finite fields or residue classes, widely used in primality testing and the study of cyclotomic fields.
-
B.
Gross–Koblitz formula
The Gross–Koblitz formula is a result in number theory that expresses Gauss sums in terms of the p-adic gamma function, linking exponential sums over finite fields with p-adic analysis.
-
C.
Bernoulli polynomials
Bernoulli polynomials are a sequence of polynomials deeply connected to number theory and analysis, appearing in the study of special functions, series expansions, and the evaluation of sums of powers of integers.
-
D.
Jack polynomials
Jack polynomials are a family of symmetric polynomials depending on a continuous parameter that generalize several classical symmetric functions and play a key role in algebraic combinatorics, representation theory, and mathematical physics.
-
E.
Sheffer sequences
Sheffer sequences are families of polynomial sequences characterized by specific generating functions and shift-invariance properties, playing a central role in the theory of finite operator calculus and umbral calculus.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Carlitz exponential Target entity description: The Carlitz exponential is a function-field analogue of the classical exponential function introduced by Leonard Carlitz, fundamental in the arithmetic of function fields over finite fields.
-
A.
Jacobi sums
Jacobi sums are special algebraic number theory constructs formed from character sums over finite fields or residue classes, widely used in primality testing and the study of cyclotomic fields.
-
B.
Gross–Koblitz formula
The Gross–Koblitz formula is a result in number theory that expresses Gauss sums in terms of the p-adic gamma function, linking exponential sums over finite fields with p-adic analysis.
-
C.
Bernoulli polynomials
Bernoulli polynomials are a sequence of polynomials deeply connected to number theory and analysis, appearing in the study of special functions, series expansions, and the evaluation of sums of powers of integers.
-
D.
Jack polynomials
Jack polynomials are a family of symmetric polynomials depending on a continuous parameter that generalize several classical symmetric functions and play a key role in algebraic combinatorics, representation theory, and mathematical physics.
-
E.
Sheffer sequences
Sheffer sequences are families of polynomial sequences characterized by specific generating functions and shift-invariance properties, playing a central role in the theory of finite operator calculus and umbral calculus.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (2 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8b913351c8190932b6a426de04b41 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e4ff7af85c81909859e7247738a535 |
completed | April 19, 2026, 4:14 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:34 a.m.