Triple
T18237501
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | theoretical ecology |
E436718
|
entity |
| Predicate | historicalRoot |
P1823
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Lotka–Volterra models |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lotka–Volterra models | Statement: [theoretical ecology, historicalRoot, Lotka–Volterra models]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lotka–Volterra models Context triple: [theoretical ecology, historicalRoot, Lotka–Volterra models]
-
A.
Lotka–Volterra models
chosen
Lotka–Volterra models are a set of differential equations in mathematical biology that describe the dynamics of interacting species, such as predator–prey and competitive relationships, and are foundational for theoretical ecology.
-
B.
Lotka–Volterra equations
The Lotka–Volterra equations are a pair of nonlinear differential equations that model the dynamics of biological systems in which two species interact as predator and prey.
-
C.
Hairston–Smith–Slobodkin hypothesis
The Hairston–Smith–Slobodkin hypothesis is an influential ecological theory proposing that predators keep herbivore populations in check, allowing plant biomass to flourish and helping explain why the world is "green."
-
D.
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems
Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems is a landmark 1973 book by theoretical ecologist Robert May that uses mathematical models to challenge the assumption that more complex ecosystems are inherently more stable.
-
E.
"Growth and Regulation of Animal Populations"
"Growth and Regulation of Animal Populations" is an influential ecological monograph by Lawrence B. Slobodkin that helped establish modern population ecology by analyzing how biological and environmental factors control animal population dynamics.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (2 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8b91104e08190a8241f7d260a5162 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e4f7def3c48190a9a96c8b4911f0f3 |
completed | April 19, 2026, 3:42 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:33 a.m.