Triple

T18215123
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Thomson scattering E436131 entity
Predicate isApproximationOf P4460 FINISHED
Object Klein–Nishina scattering formula at low energies — NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Klein–Nishina scattering formula at low energies | Statement: [Thomson scattering, isApproximationOf, Klein–Nishina scattering formula at low energies]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Klein–Nishina scattering formula at low energies
Context triple: [Thomson scattering, isApproximationOf, Klein–Nishina scattering formula at low energies]
  • A. Klein–Nishina formula chosen
    The Klein–Nishina formula is a fundamental result in quantum electrodynamics that gives the differential cross section for Compton scattering of photons by free electrons, incorporating relativistic and quantum effects.
  • B. Kramers–Heisenberg dispersion formula
    The Kramers–Heisenberg dispersion formula is a fundamental quantum mechanical expression that describes how light is scattered by atoms and molecules, forming the basis for understanding phenomena such as Raman scattering and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering.
  • C. Bethe formula for stopping power
    The Bethe formula for stopping power is a fundamental equation in particle physics that quantifies the energy loss of fast charged particles as they pass through matter.
  • D. Kramers opacity law
    Kramers opacity law is a fundamental relation in astrophysics that describes how the opacity of stellar material depends on its density and temperature, crucial for modeling energy transport inside stars.
  • E. Low’s soft-photon theorem
    Low’s soft-photon theorem is a fundamental result in quantum electrodynamics that precisely characterizes how amplitudes behave when low-energy (soft) photons are emitted in particle interactions.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8b90dba6481908e119eb9aa4ca0cb completed April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e4e476a6548190bda03190c5f531ad completed April 19, 2026, 2:19 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:32 a.m.