Triple

T18200391
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Judea Pearl E435765 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object foundations of causal inference NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: foundations of causal inference | Statement: [Judea Pearl, knownFor, foundations of causal inference]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: foundations of causal inference
Context triple: [Judea Pearl, knownFor, foundations of causal inference]
  • A. Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences
    "Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences" is a foundational textbook that systematically develops modern methods for drawing causal conclusions from data in fields such as statistics, social science, and biomedicine.
  • B. Rubin causal model
    The Rubin causal model is a foundational framework in statistics and causal inference that defines causal effects through comparisons of potential outcomes under different treatments or interventions.
  • C. The Theory of Confounding
    The Theory of Confounding is a foundational chapter in R.A. Fisher’s work on experimental design that explains how to manage and interpret the mixing of treatment effects with nuisance factors in statistical experiments.
  • D. The Nomological Character of Causality
    The Nomological Character of Causality is a philosophical section that analyzes how causal relations are grounded in, and constrained by, lawlike regularities in nature.
  • E. “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems”
    “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems” is a foundational econometric work by Ragnar Frisch that develops a systematic regression-based framework for analyzing interdependent economic relationships.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: foundations of causal inference
Target entity description: Foundations of causal inference is a body of work, largely developed by Judea Pearl, that provides a formal mathematical framework and tools for understanding and identifying cause-and-effect relationships from data.
  • A. Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences
    "Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences" is a foundational textbook that systematically develops modern methods for drawing causal conclusions from data in fields such as statistics, social science, and biomedicine.
  • B. Rubin causal model
    The Rubin causal model is a foundational framework in statistics and causal inference that defines causal effects through comparisons of potential outcomes under different treatments or interventions.
  • C. The Theory of Confounding
    The Theory of Confounding is a foundational chapter in R.A. Fisher’s work on experimental design that explains how to manage and interpret the mixing of treatment effects with nuisance factors in statistical experiments.
  • D. The Nomological Character of Causality
    The Nomological Character of Causality is a philosophical section that analyzes how causal relations are grounded in, and constrained by, lawlike regularities in nature.
  • E. “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems”
    “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems” is a foundational econometric work by Ragnar Frisch that develops a systematic regression-based framework for analyzing interdependent economic relationships.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8b90dba6481908e119eb9aa4ca0cb completed April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e4e0d610f88190b4f69b1c433ea6b1 completed April 19, 2026, 2:04 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:31 a.m.