Triple

T18132444
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject William G. Bowen E434046 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President NE NERFINISHED

How this triple was built (3 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President | Statement: [William G. Bowen, notableWork, Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President
Context triple: [William G. Bowen, notableWork, Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President]
  • A. “Universities and Their Leadership”
    “Universities and Their Leadership” is a scholarly work by economist and academic leader Harold T. Shapiro that examines the roles, responsibilities, and challenges of modern university governance and administration.
  • B. The Uses of the University
    The Uses of the University is a seminal book by Clark Kerr that analyzes the evolving role, structure, and societal functions of modern higher education institutions, especially the multiversity.
  • C. The Idea of a University
    The Idea of a University is John Henry Newman’s influential 19th-century collection of lectures and essays that defends liberal education and articulates a philosophy of the modern university.
  • D. The Higher Learning in America
    The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
  • E. The Capstone of Higher Education
    The Capstone of Higher Education is the official motto of the University of Alabama, expressing its aspiration to represent the pinnacle of academic excellence and leadership in higher education.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President
Target entity description: "Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President" is a memoir by former Princeton University president William G. Bowen, offering insights into university leadership, governance, and the challenges facing higher education.
  • A. “Universities and Their Leadership”
    “Universities and Their Leadership” is a scholarly work by economist and academic leader Harold T. Shapiro that examines the roles, responsibilities, and challenges of modern university governance and administration.
  • B. The Uses of the University
    The Uses of the University is a seminal book by Clark Kerr that analyzes the evolving role, structure, and societal functions of modern higher education institutions, especially the multiversity.
  • C. The Idea of a University
    The Idea of a University is John Henry Newman’s influential 19th-century collection of lectures and essays that defends liberal education and articulates a philosophy of the modern university.
  • D. The Higher Learning in America
    The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
  • E. The Capstone of Higher Education
    The Capstone of Higher Education is the official motto of the University of Alabama, expressing its aspiration to represent the pinnacle of academic excellence and leadership in higher education.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (2 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8b909e8cc81908df4cc2b8ea6d11f completed April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e4ddf2c68881909dfbe59df15ddccc completed April 19, 2026, 1:51 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:29 a.m.