Triple
T18132444
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | William G. Bowen |
E434046
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President |
—
|
NE NERFINISHED |
How this triple was built (3 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President | Statement: [William G. Bowen, notableWork, Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President Context triple: [William G. Bowen, notableWork, Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President]
-
A.
“Universities and Their Leadership”
“Universities and Their Leadership” is a scholarly work by economist and academic leader Harold T. Shapiro that examines the roles, responsibilities, and challenges of modern university governance and administration.
-
B.
The Uses of the University
The Uses of the University is a seminal book by Clark Kerr that analyzes the evolving role, structure, and societal functions of modern higher education institutions, especially the multiversity.
-
C.
The Idea of a University
The Idea of a University is John Henry Newman’s influential 19th-century collection of lectures and essays that defends liberal education and articulates a philosophy of the modern university.
-
D.
The Higher Learning in America
The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
-
E.
The Capstone of Higher Education
The Capstone of Higher Education is the official motto of the University of Alabama, expressing its aspiration to represent the pinnacle of academic excellence and leadership in higher education.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President Target entity description: "Lessons Learned: Reflections of a University President" is a memoir by former Princeton University president William G. Bowen, offering insights into university leadership, governance, and the challenges facing higher education.
-
A.
“Universities and Their Leadership”
“Universities and Their Leadership” is a scholarly work by economist and academic leader Harold T. Shapiro that examines the roles, responsibilities, and challenges of modern university governance and administration.
-
B.
The Uses of the University
The Uses of the University is a seminal book by Clark Kerr that analyzes the evolving role, structure, and societal functions of modern higher education institutions, especially the multiversity.
-
C.
The Idea of a University
The Idea of a University is John Henry Newman’s influential 19th-century collection of lectures and essays that defends liberal education and articulates a philosophy of the modern university.
-
D.
The Higher Learning in America
The Higher Learning in America is Thorstein Veblen’s influential critique of U.S. universities, examining how business interests and status-seeking distort academic life and scholarship.
-
E.
The Capstone of Higher Education
The Capstone of Higher Education is the official motto of the University of Alabama, expressing its aspiration to represent the pinnacle of academic excellence and leadership in higher education.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (2 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8b909e8cc81908df4cc2b8ea6d11f |
completed | April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e4ddf2c68881909dfbe59df15ddccc |
completed | April 19, 2026, 1:51 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:29 a.m.