Triple

T17181980
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Sheldon M. Ross E417005 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
"Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists" is a widely used textbook that presents fundamental concepts of probability and statistics with a strong emphasis on applications in engineering and the physical sciences.
E1254730 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists | Statement: [Sheldon M. Ross, notableWork, Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
Context triple: [Sheldon M. Ross, notableWork, Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists]
  • A. The Art of Probability for Scientists and Engineers
    The Art of Probability for Scientists and Engineers is a textbook by mathematician Richard W. Hamming that presents probability theory with an emphasis on practical applications in science and engineering.
  • B. Probability and Statistics with Reliability, Queuing, and Computer Science Applications
    "Probability and Statistics with Reliability, Queuing, and Computer Science Applications" is a widely used textbook by Kishor S. Trivedi that presents probability and statistics with a strong emphasis on reliability engineering, queueing theory, and their applications in computer science.
  • C. Schaum's Outline of Statistics
    Schaum's Outline of Statistics is a widely used study guide that provides concise explanations, solved problems, and practice exercises to help students learn and review fundamental statistics concepts.
  • D. Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications
    "Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications" is a foundational textbook by Emanuel Parzen that systematically develops modern probability theory and demonstrates its use in a wide range of statistical and applied contexts.
  • E. Probability, Statistics and Truth
    Probability, Statistics and Truth is a foundational book by Richard von Mises that presents his frequentist interpretation of probability and explores the philosophical and practical implications of statistical reasoning.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
Triple: [Sheldon M. Ross, notableWork, Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists]
Generated description
"Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists" is a widely used textbook that presents fundamental concepts of probability and statistics with a strong emphasis on applications in engineering and the physical sciences.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
Target entity description: "Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists" is a widely used textbook that presents fundamental concepts of probability and statistics with a strong emphasis on applications in engineering and the physical sciences.
  • A. The Art of Probability for Scientists and Engineers
    The Art of Probability for Scientists and Engineers is a textbook by mathematician Richard W. Hamming that presents probability theory with an emphasis on practical applications in science and engineering.
  • B. Probability and Statistics with Reliability, Queuing, and Computer Science Applications
    "Probability and Statistics with Reliability, Queuing, and Computer Science Applications" is a widely used textbook by Kishor S. Trivedi that presents probability and statistics with a strong emphasis on reliability engineering, queueing theory, and their applications in computer science.
  • C. Schaum's Outline of Statistics
    Schaum's Outline of Statistics is a widely used study guide that provides concise explanations, solved problems, and practice exercises to help students learn and review fundamental statistics concepts.
  • D. Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications
    "Modern Probability Theory and Its Applications" is a foundational textbook by Emanuel Parzen that systematically develops modern probability theory and demonstrates its use in a wide range of statistical and applied contexts.
  • E. Probability, Statistics and Truth
    Probability, Statistics and Truth is a foundational book by Richard von Mises that presents his frequentist interpretation of probability and explores the philosophical and practical implications of statistical reasoning.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d886d5f34c8190b24564dfaa63f3fb completed April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e42d934ec08190acc47073758ac3c0 completed April 19, 2026, 1:19 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a014847a19481909b1249c2fe428bfc completed May 11, 2026, 3:08 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a014cf269b48190bf58eb71a9fec897 completed May 11, 2026, 3:28 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a014d5d10b4819086969145c2d4fb56 completed May 11, 2026, 3:30 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:37 a.m.