Triple
T17175483
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | David L. Parnas |
E416847
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
On the Design and Development of Program Families
"On the Design and Development of Program Families" is a seminal paper by David L. Parnas that introduced the concept of systematically designing related software systems as reusable, modular families rather than as isolated programs.
|
E1254542
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: On the Design and Development of Program Families | Statement: [David L. Parnas, notableWork, On the Design and Development of Program Families]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: On the Design and Development of Program Families Context triple: [David L. Parnas, notableWork, On the Design and Development of Program Families]
-
A.
Generative Programming: Concepts & Experiences
Generative Programming: Concepts & Experiences is an academic conference focused on research in generative and component-based software development, programming languages, and software engineering techniques.
-
B.
Touch of Class: Learning to Program Well with Objects and Contracts
"Touch of Class: Learning to Program Well with Objects and Contracts" is a computer science textbook by Bertrand Meyer that teaches object-oriented programming and software correctness using the Design by Contract methodology.
-
C.
Programming Language Design and Implementation
Programming Language Design and Implementation is a premier annual academic conference focusing on research in programming languages and compilers, sponsored by ACM SIGPLAN.
-
D.
A Discipline for Software Engineering
"A Discipline for Software Engineering" is a book by Watts S. Humphrey that introduces and explains the Personal Software Process (PSP), a structured methodology for individual software engineers to improve the quality and predictability of their work.
-
E.
Analysis Patterns: Reusable Object Models
Analysis Patterns: Reusable Object Models is a software engineering book by Martin Fowler that presents recurring object-oriented design solutions for modeling complex business domains.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: On the Design and Development of Program Families Triple: [David L. Parnas, notableWork, On the Design and Development of Program Families]
Generated description
"On the Design and Development of Program Families" is a seminal paper by David L. Parnas that introduced the concept of systematically designing related software systems as reusable, modular families rather than as isolated programs.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: On the Design and Development of Program Families Target entity description: "On the Design and Development of Program Families" is a seminal paper by David L. Parnas that introduced the concept of systematically designing related software systems as reusable, modular families rather than as isolated programs.
-
A.
Generative Programming: Concepts & Experiences
Generative Programming: Concepts & Experiences is an academic conference focused on research in generative and component-based software development, programming languages, and software engineering techniques.
-
B.
Touch of Class: Learning to Program Well with Objects and Contracts
"Touch of Class: Learning to Program Well with Objects and Contracts" is a computer science textbook by Bertrand Meyer that teaches object-oriented programming and software correctness using the Design by Contract methodology.
-
C.
Programming Language Design and Implementation
Programming Language Design and Implementation is a premier annual academic conference focusing on research in programming languages and compilers, sponsored by ACM SIGPLAN.
-
D.
A Discipline for Software Engineering
"A Discipline for Software Engineering" is a book by Watts S. Humphrey that introduces and explains the Personal Software Process (PSP), a structured methodology for individual software engineers to improve the quality and predictability of their work.
-
E.
Analysis Patterns: Reusable Object Models
Analysis Patterns: Reusable Object Models is a software engineering book by Martin Fowler that presents recurring object-oriented design solutions for modeling complex business domains.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d886d5f34c8190b24564dfaa63f3fb |
completed | April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e3fc0cec448190b30466628a2ff23f |
completed | April 18, 2026, 9:47 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a0148435f6081909bfc6cc1ef59d971 |
completed | May 11, 2026, 3:08 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a014a4fdcf081908be68b1eda2066df |
completed | May 11, 2026, 3:17 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a014adf25808190ad712fbd7560e91d |
completed | May 11, 2026, 3:19 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:37 a.m.