Triple

T17105492
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject 't Hooft anomaly E415088 entity
Predicate relatesTo P37 FINISHED
Object Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly
The Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly is a quantum field theory phenomenon in which a classical chiral symmetry is broken by quantum effects, famously explaining the decay of the neutral pion into two photons.
E1250506 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly | Statement: ['t Hooft anomaly, relatesTo, Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly
Context triple: ['t Hooft anomaly, relatesTo, Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly]
  • A. ’t Hooft anomaly
    ’t Hooft anomaly is a quantum field theory phenomenon where a classical global symmetry cannot be consistently preserved at the quantum level, imposing powerful constraints on the dynamics and possible phases of the theory.
  • B. Ward–Takahashi identities
    The Ward–Takahashi identities are fundamental relations in quantum field theory that express the consequences of gauge or global symmetries for Green’s functions and ensure the consistency of renormalization with these symmetries.
  • C. Heisenberg–Euler effective Lagrangian
    The Heisenberg–Euler effective Lagrangian is a quantum electrodynamics result that captures nonlinear corrections to classical electromagnetism arising from virtual electron–positron pair effects in strong electromagnetic fields.
  • D. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • E. Faddeev–Popov ghosts
    Faddeev–Popov ghosts are auxiliary, anticommuting fields introduced in the path integral quantization of non-Abelian gauge theories to correctly account for gauge redundancy and maintain unitarity and renormalizability.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly
Triple: ['t Hooft anomaly, relatesTo, Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly]
Generated description
The Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly is a quantum field theory phenomenon in which a classical chiral symmetry is broken by quantum effects, famously explaining the decay of the neutral pion into two photons.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly
Target entity description: The Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly is a quantum field theory phenomenon in which a classical chiral symmetry is broken by quantum effects, famously explaining the decay of the neutral pion into two photons.
  • A. ’t Hooft anomaly
    ’t Hooft anomaly is a quantum field theory phenomenon where a classical global symmetry cannot be consistently preserved at the quantum level, imposing powerful constraints on the dynamics and possible phases of the theory.
  • B. Ward–Takahashi identities
    The Ward–Takahashi identities are fundamental relations in quantum field theory that express the consequences of gauge or global symmetries for Green’s functions and ensure the consistency of renormalization with these symmetries.
  • C. Heisenberg–Euler effective Lagrangian
    The Heisenberg–Euler effective Lagrangian is a quantum electrodynamics result that captures nonlinear corrections to classical electromagnetism arising from virtual electron–positron pair effects in strong electromagnetic fields.
  • D. Gell-Mann–Low theorem
    The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
  • E. Faddeev–Popov ghosts
    Faddeev–Popov ghosts are auxiliary, anticommuting fields introduced in the path integral quantization of non-Abelian gauge theories to correctly account for gauge redundancy and maintain unitarity and renormalizability.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d886cfc8e88190b05ba466edd35591 completed April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e3dc2683fc81908af2df9012addecb completed April 18, 2026, 7:31 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0139ffbe808190a24e827331ee4a6c completed May 11, 2026, 2:07 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a013ae388548190b09d2c81e1ab0d02 completed May 11, 2026, 2:11 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a013b4df74c81908b3b99e276531e13 completed May 11, 2026, 2:13 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:35 a.m.