Triple

T16997694
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis E412359 entity
Predicate author P4 FINISHED
Object Paul Oppenheim
Paul Oppenheim was a German-born philosopher of science known for his work on logical empiricism and the unity of science, often in collaboration with figures like Carl Hempel.
E1255072 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Paul Oppenheim | Statement: [The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis, author, Paul Oppenheim]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul Oppenheim
Context triple: [The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis, author, Paul Oppenheim]
  • A. Irving Brecher
    Irving Brecher was an American screenwriter best known for his work on Marx Brothers comedies and classic Hollywood films of the 1930s and 1940s.
  • B. Leo J. Frachtenberg
    Leo J. Frachtenberg was an early 20th-century American anthropologist and linguist known for his documentation and analysis of Native American languages of the Pacific Northwest, including Siuslaw.
  • C. Philip Hauge Abelson
    Philip Hauge Abelson was an American physicist, nuclear scientist, and science administrator known for co-discovering neptunium and for his influential leadership in U.S. scientific research and policy.
  • D. Max Rosenthal
    Max Rosenthal is a notable individual recognized for achievements significant enough to be distinctly associated with the surname Rosenthal.
  • E. Paul Preuss
    Paul Preuss is a science fiction author known for his hard-SF novels and collaborations, including work with Arthur C. Clarke.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Paul Oppenheim
Triple: [The Unity of Science as a Working Hypothesis, author, Paul Oppenheim]
Generated description
Paul Oppenheim was a German-born philosopher of science known for his work on logical empiricism and the unity of science, often in collaboration with figures like Carl Hempel.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paul Oppenheim
Target entity description: Paul Oppenheim was a German-born philosopher of science known for his work on logical empiricism and the unity of science, often in collaboration with figures like Carl Hempel.
  • A. Irving Brecher
    Irving Brecher was an American screenwriter best known for his work on Marx Brothers comedies and classic Hollywood films of the 1930s and 1940s.
  • B. Leo J. Frachtenberg
    Leo J. Frachtenberg was an early 20th-century American anthropologist and linguist known for his documentation and analysis of Native American languages of the Pacific Northwest, including Siuslaw.
  • C. Philip Hauge Abelson
    Philip Hauge Abelson was an American physicist, nuclear scientist, and science administrator known for co-discovering neptunium and for his influential leadership in U.S. scientific research and policy.
  • D. Max Rosenthal
    Max Rosenthal is a notable individual recognized for achievements significant enough to be distinctly associated with the surname Rosenthal.
  • E. Paul Preuss
    Paul Preuss is a science fiction author known for his hard-SF novels and collaborations, including work with Arthur C. Clarke.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d886cb581c8190ab05f4b429c9cd85 completed April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e3d37c16d081908ea5e25c992cb254 completed April 18, 2026, 6:54 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a015fb99b348190a6db655cd8aee799 completed May 11, 2026, 4:48 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a01603789408190a1c576540d6071b8 completed May 11, 2026, 4:51 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a016094d2688190acc0d599136e29a2 completed May 11, 2026, 4:52 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:32 a.m.