Triple

T16927490
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject OECD CTPA E410612 entity
Predicate notableWorkArea P23945 FINISHED
Object Base Erosion and Profit Shifting
Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) is a set of international tax planning strategies and the OECD-led initiative to curb them, aimed at preventing multinational companies from exploiting gaps and mismatches in tax rules to shift profits to low- or no-tax locations.
E1241327 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Base Erosion and Profit Shifting | Statement: [OECD CTPA, notableWorkArea, Base Erosion and Profit Shifting]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Base Erosion and Profit Shifting
Context triple: [OECD CTPA, notableWorkArea, Base Erosion and Profit Shifting]
  • A. OECD Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    The OECD Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is an international body that promotes and monitors the implementation of global standards for tax transparency and the exchange of information between jurisdictions to combat tax evasion.
  • B. The Law and Practice of Income Tax
    The Law and Practice of Income Tax is a seminal Indian legal treatise that systematically analyzes and interprets income tax law and its practical application.
  • C. The Cash Nexus
    The Cash Nexus is a historical study by Niall Ferguson that explores the relationship between money and power, arguing that financial forces have profoundly shaped modern states and international relations.
  • D. OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions
    The OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions is an international monitoring and policy-making body that oversees implementation and enforcement of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention to combat the bribery of foreign public officials in global commerce.
  • E. Flat Tax Revolution: Using a Postcard to Abolish the IRS
    Flat Tax Revolution: Using a Postcard to Abolish the IRS is a political and economic book by Steve Forbes advocating a simplified flat-tax system to replace the U.S. federal income tax code.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Base Erosion and Profit Shifting
Triple: [OECD CTPA, notableWorkArea, Base Erosion and Profit Shifting]
Generated description
Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) is a set of international tax planning strategies and the OECD-led initiative to curb them, aimed at preventing multinational companies from exploiting gaps and mismatches in tax rules to shift profits to low- or no-tax locations.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Base Erosion and Profit Shifting
Target entity description: Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) is a set of international tax planning strategies and the OECD-led initiative to curb them, aimed at preventing multinational companies from exploiting gaps and mismatches in tax rules to shift profits to low- or no-tax locations.
  • A. OECD Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    The OECD Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is an international body that promotes and monitors the implementation of global standards for tax transparency and the exchange of information between jurisdictions to combat tax evasion.
  • B. The Law and Practice of Income Tax
    The Law and Practice of Income Tax is a seminal Indian legal treatise that systematically analyzes and interprets income tax law and its practical application.
  • C. The Cash Nexus
    The Cash Nexus is a historical study by Niall Ferguson that explores the relationship between money and power, arguing that financial forces have profoundly shaped modern states and international relations.
  • D. OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions
    The OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions is an international monitoring and policy-making body that oversees implementation and enforcement of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention to combat the bribery of foreign public officials in global commerce.
  • E. Flat Tax Revolution: Using a Postcard to Abolish the IRS
    Flat Tax Revolution: Using a Postcard to Abolish the IRS is a political and economic book by Steve Forbes advocating a simplified flat-tax system to replace the U.S. federal income tax code.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d886c7b1e481908c3766dfa8c13458 completed April 10, 2026, 5:12 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e3cdf3fc3c8190a884f7ecd5c47adb completed April 18, 2026, 6:31 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a00cfdb6b608190af910e225d942d37 completed May 10, 2026, 6:35 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a00d0ce499c81909bd4ec1c77ae0202 completed May 10, 2026, 6:39 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a00d14b83d88190b3dbc124d5b33029 completed May 10, 2026, 6:41 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:30 a.m.