Triple
T16860153
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Charles S. Peskin |
E409888
|
entity |
| Predicate | developed |
P73
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
immersed boundary method
The immersed boundary method is a numerical approach for simulating fluid–structure interactions by representing flexible or moving boundaries within an underlying fixed fluid grid.
|
E1235916
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: immersed boundary method | Statement: [Charles S. Peskin, developed, immersed boundary method]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: immersed boundary method Context triple: [Charles S. Peskin, developed, immersed boundary method]
-
A.
Navier boundary condition
The Navier boundary condition is a fluid mechanics boundary condition that allows for partial slip of a fluid along a solid surface, relating the tangential velocity at the boundary to the shear stress via a slip length.
-
B.
Finite Element Methods for Flow Problems
"Finite Element Methods for Flow Problems" is a foundational textbook that develops and applies finite element techniques to the numerical simulation of fluid flow and related transport phenomena.
-
C.
CFD
CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is a field of study and set of numerical methods used to simulate and analyze fluid flow and heat transfer using computer-based models.
-
D.
Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence modeling
Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence modeling is a widely used computational fluid dynamics approach that predicts turbulent flows by averaging the Navier–Stokes equations and modeling the effects of turbulence through closure models.
-
E.
Hydrodynamics
Hydrodynamics is a classic and influential treatise by Horace Lamb that systematically develops the mathematical theory of fluid motion.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: immersed boundary method Triple: [Charles S. Peskin, developed, immersed boundary method]
Generated description
The immersed boundary method is a numerical approach for simulating fluid–structure interactions by representing flexible or moving boundaries within an underlying fixed fluid grid.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: immersed boundary method Target entity description: The immersed boundary method is a numerical approach for simulating fluid–structure interactions by representing flexible or moving boundaries within an underlying fixed fluid grid.
-
A.
Navier boundary condition
The Navier boundary condition is a fluid mechanics boundary condition that allows for partial slip of a fluid along a solid surface, relating the tangential velocity at the boundary to the shear stress via a slip length.
-
B.
Finite Element Methods for Flow Problems
"Finite Element Methods for Flow Problems" is a foundational textbook that develops and applies finite element techniques to the numerical simulation of fluid flow and related transport phenomena.
-
C.
CFD
CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is a field of study and set of numerical methods used to simulate and analyze fluid flow and heat transfer using computer-based models.
-
D.
Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence modeling
Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes turbulence modeling is a widely used computational fluid dynamics approach that predicts turbulent flows by averaging the Navier–Stokes equations and modeling the effects of turbulence through closure models.
-
E.
Hydrodynamics
Hydrodynamics is a classic and influential treatise by Horace Lamb that systematically develops the mathematical theory of fluid motion.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d88395e6c88190b22730f335107c14 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 4:59 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e3b502bc048190baa5a83015407080 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 4:44 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a00bb274ba48190951acde0821e05a0 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 5:06 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a00bb8a6a288190ae442b2e6f021def |
completed | May 10, 2026, 5:08 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a00bc27a1648190b2987c8dd9afc249 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 5:11 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:24 a.m.