Triple

T16784344
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Homi Jehangir Bhabha E407931 entity
Predicate hasWork P6260 FINISHED
Object On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays
"On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays" is a scientific work by physicist Homi J. Bhabha that contributed to the early theoretical understanding of particle physics and high-energy cosmic radiation.
E403516 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays | Statement: [Homi Jehangir Bhabha, hasWork, On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays
Context triple: [Homi Jehangir Bhabha, hasWork, On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays]
  • A. Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)
    "Cosmic-Ray Particles" is a scientific book by Nobel Prize–winning physicist Carl David Anderson that explores the nature, detection, and significance of cosmic rays in particle physics and astrophysics.
  • B. On the Interaction of Elementary Particles I
    "On the Interaction of Elementary Particles I" is a seminal theoretical physics paper by Hideki Yukawa that introduced the meson theory of nuclear forces, laying the groundwork for modern particle physics.
  • C. Bhabha–Heitler theory of cascade showers
    The Bhabha–Heitler theory of cascade showers is a foundational quantum electrodynamics model that explains how high-energy cosmic rays generate particle cascades as they interact with matter and radiation in the atmosphere.
  • D. "Invariance Principles and Elementary Particles"
    "Invariance Principles and Elementary Particles" is a foundational physics text by Jun John Sakurai that develops particle physics and quantum theory using symmetry and invariance principles as central organizing concepts.
  • E. Cosmic Rays (book)
    Cosmic Rays is a seminal 1964 monograph by physicist Bruno Rossi that systematically presents the experimental study and fundamental physics of high-energy particles from outer space.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays
Triple: [Homi Jehangir Bhabha, hasWork, On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays]
Generated description
"On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays" is a scientific work by physicist Homi J. Bhabha that contributed to the early theoretical understanding of particle physics and high-energy cosmic radiation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays
Target entity description: "On the theory of elementary particles and cosmic rays" is a scientific work by physicist Homi J. Bhabha that contributed to the early theoretical understanding of particle physics and high-energy cosmic radiation.
  • A. Cosmic-Ray Particles (book)
    "Cosmic-Ray Particles" is a scientific book by Nobel Prize–winning physicist Carl David Anderson that explores the nature, detection, and significance of cosmic rays in particle physics and astrophysics.
  • B. On the Interaction of Elementary Particles I
    "On the Interaction of Elementary Particles I" is a seminal theoretical physics paper by Hideki Yukawa that introduced the meson theory of nuclear forces, laying the groundwork for modern particle physics.
  • C. Bhabha–Heitler theory of cascade showers chosen
    The Bhabha–Heitler theory of cascade showers is a foundational quantum electrodynamics model that explains how high-energy cosmic rays generate particle cascades as they interact with matter and radiation in the atmosphere.
  • D. "Invariance Principles and Elementary Particles"
    "Invariance Principles and Elementary Particles" is a foundational physics text by Jun John Sakurai that develops particle physics and quantum theory using symmetry and invariance principles as central organizing concepts.
  • E. Cosmic Rays (book)
    Cosmic Rays is a seminal 1964 monograph by physicist Bruno Rossi that systematically presents the experimental study and fundamental physics of high-energy particles from outer space.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8839270588190886720d9519bbf8f completed April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e3b21996cc81909deb88545af7079f completed April 18, 2026, 4:32 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a00ab056dc88190aeb9e135ae955125 completed May 10, 2026, 3:57 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a00abe78194819098a2867c7cb5b8b2 completed May 10, 2026, 4:01 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a00afddb580819090e6b4e9dd4c1545 completed May 10, 2026, 4:18 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:22 a.m.