Triple
T16749173
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | William John Swainson |
E407028
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections)
Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) is the ornithological portion of a 19th-century natural history work on the animals of northern North America, authored by William John Swainson and others, that provided foundational descriptions and illustrations of the region’s bird species.
|
E1232540
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) | Statement: [William John Swainson, notableWork, Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections)]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) Context triple: [William John Swainson, notableWork, Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections)]
-
A.
A Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and of Canada
A Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and of Canada is a foundational 19th-century bird guide that systematically describes and classifies the avifauna of North America.
-
B.
Check-list of North American Birds
Check-list of North American Birds is a foundational ornithological reference that systematically catalogs and standardizes the taxonomy and nomenclature of bird species found in North America.
-
C.
Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l’Amérique Septentrionale
Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l’Amérique Septentrionale is an ornithological work by Louis Pierre Vieillot that systematically describes and illustrates the bird species of North America.
-
D.
Supplement to the General Synopsis of Birds
Supplement to the General Synopsis of Birds is an ornithological work by John Latham that expands and updates his earlier comprehensive survey of bird species.
-
E.
Birds of North America (contributions)
Birds of North America (contributions) refers to John Cassin’s significant ornithological input to a major 19th-century reference work documenting the bird species of North America.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) Triple: [William John Swainson, notableWork, Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections)]
Generated description
Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) is the ornithological portion of a 19th-century natural history work on the animals of northern North America, authored by William John Swainson and others, that provided foundational descriptions and illustrations of the region’s bird species.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) Target entity description: Fauna Boreali-Americana (ornithology sections) is the ornithological portion of a 19th-century natural history work on the animals of northern North America, authored by William John Swainson and others, that provided foundational descriptions and illustrations of the region’s bird species.
-
A.
A Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and of Canada
A Manual of the Ornithology of the United States and of Canada is a foundational 19th-century bird guide that systematically describes and classifies the avifauna of North America.
-
B.
Check-list of North American Birds
Check-list of North American Birds is a foundational ornithological reference that systematically catalogs and standardizes the taxonomy and nomenclature of bird species found in North America.
-
C.
Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l’Amérique Septentrionale
Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de l’Amérique Septentrionale is an ornithological work by Louis Pierre Vieillot that systematically describes and illustrates the bird species of North America.
-
D.
Supplement to the General Synopsis of Birds
Supplement to the General Synopsis of Birds is an ornithological work by John Latham that expands and updates his earlier comprehensive survey of bird species.
-
E.
Birds of North America (contributions)
Birds of North America (contributions) refers to John Cassin’s significant ornithological input to a major 19th-century reference work documenting the bird species of North America.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8838ffb088190a0b11149929006bf |
completed | April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e3aa2532ac81908e5ee5148e35f92e |
completed | April 18, 2026, 3:58 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a00a522255c8190ab16d7ad233fcd3b |
completed | May 10, 2026, 3:32 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a00a6b2d7b08190841de0e849eac604 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 3:39 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a00a761530481909b27b6844d2324f0 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 3:42 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:21 a.m.