Triple
T16728206
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Rhamnus |
E406517
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasInvasiveSpecies |
P6138
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Rhamnus frangula
Rhamnus frangula, commonly known as glossy buckthorn, is a deciduous shrub native to Europe and western Asia that has become a widespread invasive species in North America, particularly in wetlands and forest understories.
|
E406517
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rhamnus frangula | Statement: [Rhamnus, hasInvasiveSpecies, Rhamnus frangula]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rhamnus frangula Context triple: [Rhamnus, hasInvasiveSpecies, Rhamnus frangula]
-
A.
Rhamnus
Rhamnus is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the buckthorn family, many species of which are known for their medicinal properties and, in some cases, invasive behavior.
-
B.
Rhamnus cathartica
Rhamnus cathartica, commonly known as common buckthorn, is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to Europe and western Asia that is widely recognized as an invasive species in many parts of North America.
-
C.
Crataegus
Crataegus is a genus of shrubs and small trees commonly known as hawthorns, valued for their white or pink blossoms, red fruits, and use in ornamental planting and traditional medicine.
-
D.
Ulmus minor
Ulmus minor is a species of elm tree native to Europe and western Asia, commonly known as the field elm and valued for its hard timber and ornamental use.
-
E.
Arbutus unedo
Arbutus unedo, commonly known as the strawberry tree, is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to the Mediterranean region, valued for its ornamental appeal and edible red fruits.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rhamnus frangula Triple: [Rhamnus, hasInvasiveSpecies, Rhamnus frangula]
Generated description
Rhamnus frangula, commonly known as glossy buckthorn, is a deciduous shrub native to Europe and western Asia that has become a widespread invasive species in North America, particularly in wetlands and forest understories.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rhamnus frangula Target entity description: Rhamnus frangula, commonly known as glossy buckthorn, is a deciduous shrub native to Europe and western Asia that has become a widespread invasive species in North America, particularly in wetlands and forest understories.
-
A.
Rhamnus
chosen
Rhamnus is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the buckthorn family, many species of which are known for their medicinal properties and, in some cases, invasive behavior.
-
B.
Rhamnus cathartica
Rhamnus cathartica, commonly known as common buckthorn, is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to Europe and western Asia that is widely recognized as an invasive species in many parts of North America.
-
C.
Crataegus
Crataegus is a genus of shrubs and small trees commonly known as hawthorns, valued for their white or pink blossoms, red fruits, and use in ornamental planting and traditional medicine.
-
D.
Ulmus minor
Ulmus minor is a species of elm tree native to Europe and western Asia, commonly known as the field elm and valued for its hard timber and ornamental use.
-
E.
Arbutus unedo
Arbutus unedo, commonly known as the strawberry tree, is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to the Mediterranean region, valued for its ornamental appeal and edible red fruits.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8838f242881908abd8bc138795886 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e38749baa48190892b2e2b978f6eb6 |
completed | April 18, 2026, 1:29 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a00dbf92b148190825778809bc4aac2 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 7:26 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a00dc96a9588190b020fd7fd1deee2b |
completed | May 10, 2026, 7:29 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a0114e04e00819093805024f8417fad |
completed | May 10, 2026, 11:29 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:20 a.m.