Triple

T16614204
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Alexei Kitaev E403650 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor
The Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor is a theoretical lattice model that demonstrates how topological superconductivity in one dimension can host unpaired Majorana zero modes at its ends.
E1223606 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor | Statement: [Alexei Kitaev, notableWork, Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor
Context triple: [Alexei Kitaev, notableWork, Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor]
  • A. Majorana fermion
    A Majorana fermion is a hypothetical particle that is its own antiparticle, proposed in quantum field theory and of great interest in particle physics and topological quantum computing.
  • B. Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations
    The Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations are a set of coupled mean-field equations that describe quasiparticle excitations in superconductors and superfluids by extending Bogoliubov’s transformation to spatially inhomogeneous systems.
  • C. Jordan–Wigner transformation
    The Jordan–Wigner transformation is a mathematical mapping in quantum many-body physics that converts spin operators into fermionic creation and annihilation operators, enabling the study of spin systems using fermionic methods.
  • D. Luttinger liquid theory
    Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
  • E. BCS theory of superconductivity
    The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor
Triple: [Alexei Kitaev, notableWork, Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor]
Generated description
The Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor is a theoretical lattice model that demonstrates how topological superconductivity in one dimension can host unpaired Majorana zero modes at its ends.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor
Target entity description: The Kitaev chain model of a 1D p-wave superconductor is a theoretical lattice model that demonstrates how topological superconductivity in one dimension can host unpaired Majorana zero modes at its ends.
  • A. Majorana fermion
    A Majorana fermion is a hypothetical particle that is its own antiparticle, proposed in quantum field theory and of great interest in particle physics and topological quantum computing.
  • B. Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations
    The Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations are a set of coupled mean-field equations that describe quasiparticle excitations in superconductors and superfluids by extending Bogoliubov’s transformation to spatially inhomogeneous systems.
  • C. Jordan–Wigner transformation
    The Jordan–Wigner transformation is a mathematical mapping in quantum many-body physics that converts spin operators into fermionic creation and annihilation operators, enabling the study of spin systems using fermionic methods.
  • D. Luttinger liquid theory
    Luttinger liquid theory is a framework describing the collective, non-Fermi-liquid behavior of interacting electrons in one-dimensional conductors, where excitations are best understood as bosonic density waves rather than quasiparticles.
  • E. BCS theory of superconductivity
    The BCS theory of superconductivity is a fundamental microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs of electrons and their collective quantum behavior in a solid.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d883897eb481909eaaa088ba9918d9 completed April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e360983d2c8190b1fe7f18aedfbde1 completed April 18, 2026, 10:44 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0075aeaa9881908bdef0f9f2b52e60 completed May 10, 2026, 12:10 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a007705f57881908b07a20ae8957c64 completed May 10, 2026, 12:16 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a007b18f0b08190a9ddc6ad7358d6b8 completed May 10, 2026, 12:33 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:17 a.m.