Triple

T16599033
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment E403283 entity
Predicate SupremeCourtDocketNumber P123469 FINISHED
Object No. 16-476
No. 16-476 is the U.S. Supreme Court docket number for the case in which the Court struck down key provisions of the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act (PASPA) as unconstitutional under the Tenth Amendment’s anti-commandeering doctrine.
E1222623 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: No. 16-476 | Statement: [The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment, SupremeCourtDocketNumber, No. 16-476]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: No. 16-476
Context triple: [The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment, SupremeCourtDocketNumber, No. 16-476]
  • A. Rassmussen v. United States
    Rassmussen v. United States is a 1905 U.S. Supreme Court case that applied the Insular Cases framework to determine the constitutional rights available in newly acquired U.S. territories.
  • B. National Railroad Passenger Corp. v. Morgan
    National Railroad Passenger Corp. v. Morgan is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court decision that clarified the time limits for filing employment discrimination claims, distinguishing between discrete acts and continuing violations under Title VII.
  • C. 424 U.S. 351
    424 U.S. 351 is the official United States Reports citation for the Supreme Court case De Canas v. Bica (1976), which addressed the extent of state authority over the employment of unauthorized immigrants.
  • D. United States v. Bajakajian
    United States v. Bajakajian is a 1998 U.S. Supreme Court case that held, for the first time, that a criminal forfeiture could violate the Eighth Amendment’s Excessive Fines Clause if it is grossly disproportionate to the gravity of the offense.
  • E. Frank v. Mangum
    Frank v. Mangum is a 1915 U.S. Supreme Court decision addressing whether mob-dominated criminal trials violate due process under the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: No. 16-476
Triple: [The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment, SupremeCourtDocketNumber, No. 16-476]
Generated description
No. 16-476 is the U.S. Supreme Court docket number for the case in which the Court struck down key provisions of the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act (PASPA) as unconstitutional under the Tenth Amendment’s anti-commandeering doctrine.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: No. 16-476
Target entity description: No. 16-476 is the U.S. Supreme Court docket number for the case in which the Court struck down key provisions of the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act (PASPA) as unconstitutional under the Tenth Amendment’s anti-commandeering doctrine.
  • A. Rassmussen v. United States
    Rassmussen v. United States is a 1905 U.S. Supreme Court case that applied the Insular Cases framework to determine the constitutional rights available in newly acquired U.S. territories.
  • B. National Railroad Passenger Corp. v. Morgan
    National Railroad Passenger Corp. v. Morgan is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court decision that clarified the time limits for filing employment discrimination claims, distinguishing between discrete acts and continuing violations under Title VII.
  • C. 424 U.S. 351
    424 U.S. 351 is the official United States Reports citation for the Supreme Court case De Canas v. Bica (1976), which addressed the extent of state authority over the employment of unauthorized immigrants.
  • D. United States v. Bajakajian
    United States v. Bajakajian is a 1998 U.S. Supreme Court case that held, for the first time, that a criminal forfeiture could violate the Eighth Amendment’s Excessive Fines Clause if it is grossly disproportionate to the gravity of the offense.
  • E. Frank v. Mangum
    Frank v. Mangum is a 1915 U.S. Supreme Court decision addressing whether mob-dominated criminal trials violate due process under the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: SupremeCourtDocketNumber
Context triple: [The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act’s provisions prohibiting state authorization of sports gambling schemes violate the anti-commandeering rule of the Tenth Amendment, SupremeCourtDocketNumber, No. 16-476]
  • A. courtNumber
    Indicates the specific numbered court (e.g., field, room, or venue) assigned or associated with an event, case, or match.
  • B. nrcDocketNumber
    Indicates the formal docket or case number assigned by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to track and reference a specific regulatory action or proceeding.
  • C. tribunalNumber
    Indicates the identifying number assigned to a specific tribunal within a legal or administrative system.
  • D. yearArguedBeforeSupremeCourt
    Indicates the specific year in which a case was argued before the Supreme Court.
  • E. confirmedToSupremeCourtOn
    Indicates that an individual was officially approved and appointed to serve on the Supreme Court on a specific date.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (7 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d883880d0c81908b5fcd454e767b60 completed April 10, 2026, 4:58 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e35d74738c81909711654cf38af150 completed April 18, 2026, 10:31 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0075a226788190bfad73ffb6b32ec4 completed May 10, 2026, 12:10 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a00762ce9a881908b41b610c3f14780 completed May 10, 2026, 12:12 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a007728680c819082a3bd7e84edb2b0 completed May 10, 2026, 12:16 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69e296aabc508190b3836a91b49113ad completed April 17, 2026, 8:23 p.m.
PDg Predicate description generation batch_69e2d7fb02f481908885a226c2191231 completed April 18, 2026, 1:01 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:16 a.m.