Triple

T16283385
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Clifford S. Gardner E395324 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation
The Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation is a landmark work in mathematical physics that introduced the inverse scattering transform and revealed the integrable, soliton-bearing nature of the Korteweg–de Vries equation.
E1204435 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation | Statement: [Clifford S. Gardner, knownFor, Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation
Context triple: [Clifford S. Gardner, knownFor, Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation]
  • A. Korteweg–De Vries equation
    The Korteweg–De Vries equation is a fundamental nonlinear partial differential equation that models shallow water waves and solitons, playing a central role in the theory of integrable systems.
  • B. Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation
    The Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation is a fundamental nonlinear partial differential equation in mathematical physics that generalizes the Korteweg–De Vries equation to two spatial dimensions to describe the evolution of weakly dispersive, weakly nonlinear waves.
  • C. Painlevé–Kruskal theorem
    The Painlevé–Kruskal theorem is a result in the theory of nonlinear differential equations that characterizes integrability through the analytic structure of their solutions, particularly via the Painlevé property.
  • D. Zur Theorie der nichtlinearen Wellen
    "Zur Theorie der nichtlinearen Wellen" is Klaus Hasselmann's doctoral thesis, a foundational work on the behavior and mathematical description of nonlinear waves in physics.
  • E. Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states
    "Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states" is a landmark 1965 paper by Norman J. Zabusky and Martin Kruskal that introduced the concept of solitons and demonstrated their particle-like interactions and recurrence behavior in nonlinear wave systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation
Triple: [Clifford S. Gardner, knownFor, Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation]
Generated description
The Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation is a landmark work in mathematical physics that introduced the inverse scattering transform and revealed the integrable, soliton-bearing nature of the Korteweg–de Vries equation.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation
Target entity description: The Gardner–Greene–Kruskal–Miura paper on the KdV equation is a landmark work in mathematical physics that introduced the inverse scattering transform and revealed the integrable, soliton-bearing nature of the Korteweg–de Vries equation.
  • A. Korteweg–De Vries equation
    The Korteweg–De Vries equation is a fundamental nonlinear partial differential equation that models shallow water waves and solitons, playing a central role in the theory of integrable systems.
  • B. Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation
    The Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation is a fundamental nonlinear partial differential equation in mathematical physics that generalizes the Korteweg–De Vries equation to two spatial dimensions to describe the evolution of weakly dispersive, weakly nonlinear waves.
  • C. Painlevé–Kruskal theorem
    The Painlevé–Kruskal theorem is a result in the theory of nonlinear differential equations that characterizes integrability through the analytic structure of their solutions, particularly via the Painlevé property.
  • D. Zur Theorie der nichtlinearen Wellen
    "Zur Theorie der nichtlinearen Wellen" is Klaus Hasselmann's doctoral thesis, a foundational work on the behavior and mathematical description of nonlinear waves in physics.
  • E. Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states
    "Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states" is a landmark 1965 paper by Norman J. Zabusky and Martin Kruskal that introduced the concept of solitons and demonstrated their particle-like interactions and recurrence behavior in nonlinear wave systems.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d87f22c7248190a54c949738441e2e completed April 10, 2026, 4:40 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e24912c5808190a0d9c9f491315068 completed April 17, 2026, 2:52 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0017c8f51c8190b73cdf2834eda57f completed May 10, 2026, 5:29 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a0019c847a0819081b92e21ced73824 completed May 10, 2026, 5:38 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a001a7dcf888190b66122f2bfc7388b completed May 10, 2026, 5:41 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:05 a.m.