Triple
T1616492
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Jimmy Ba |
E34729
|
entity |
| Predicate | coAuthorOf |
P2389
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization
"Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization" is a highly influential machine learning paper that introduces the Adam optimizer, a widely used adaptive gradient-based optimization algorithm for training deep neural networks.
|
E182822
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization | Statement: [Jimmy Ba, coAuthorOf, Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization Context triple: [Jimmy Ba, coAuthorOf, Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization]
-
A.
Automatic Adam
Automatic Adam is the nickname of Adam Vinatieri, a legendary NFL placekicker renowned for his clutch, game-winning field goals in high-pressure situations.
-
B.
“A fast learning algorithm for deep belief nets”
“A fast learning algorithm for deep belief nets” is a seminal 2006 paper by Geoffrey Hinton that introduced an efficient unsupervised pretraining method for deep neural networks using stacked restricted Boltzmann machines.
-
C.
Generative Adversarial Networks
Generative Adversarial Networks are a class of machine learning models in which two neural networks compete to generate highly realistic synthetic data, such as images, audio, or text.
-
D.
Proximal Policy Optimization
Proximal Policy Optimization is a popular reinforcement learning algorithm that improves policy gradient methods by using clipped objective functions to achieve stable and efficient training.
-
E.
“Learning representations by back-propagating errors”
“Learning representations by back-propagating errors” is a landmark 1986 research paper that popularized the backpropagation algorithm for training multi-layer neural networks, helping to launch the modern field of deep learning.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization Triple: [Jimmy Ba, coAuthorOf, Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization]
Generated description
"Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization" is a highly influential machine learning paper that introduces the Adam optimizer, a widely used adaptive gradient-based optimization algorithm for training deep neural networks.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization Target entity description: "Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization" is a highly influential machine learning paper that introduces the Adam optimizer, a widely used adaptive gradient-based optimization algorithm for training deep neural networks.
-
A.
Automatic Adam
Automatic Adam is the nickname of Adam Vinatieri, a legendary NFL placekicker renowned for his clutch, game-winning field goals in high-pressure situations.
-
B.
“A fast learning algorithm for deep belief nets”
“A fast learning algorithm for deep belief nets” is a seminal 2006 paper by Geoffrey Hinton that introduced an efficient unsupervised pretraining method for deep neural networks using stacked restricted Boltzmann machines.
-
C.
Generative Adversarial Networks
Generative Adversarial Networks are a class of machine learning models in which two neural networks compete to generate highly realistic synthetic data, such as images, audio, or text.
-
D.
Proximal Policy Optimization
Proximal Policy Optimization is a popular reinforcement learning algorithm that improves policy gradient methods by using clipped objective functions to achieve stable and efficient training.
-
E.
“Learning representations by back-propagating errors”
“Learning representations by back-propagating errors” is a landmark 1986 research paper that popularized the backpropagation algorithm for training multi-layer neural networks, helping to launch the modern field of deep learning.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a885ffc5ec819091afa325d5f9611c |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a909abbec081908f95547471530ad5 |
completed | March 5, 2026, 4:42 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ad51cd2e54819086924378792eb2e3 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 10:39 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ad5248af2881909755ae87b4cd0041 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 10:41 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ad52b3dcf081909e73fba891e985b2 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 10:43 a.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:28 p.m.