Triple

T16150810
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Fredholm operator E391903 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Fredholm alternative
The Fredholm alternative is a fundamental result in functional analysis that characterizes when linear equations involving compact or Fredholm operators have unique solutions, infinitely many solutions, or no solution, in terms of the associated homogeneous problem.
E1197987 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Fredholm alternative | Statement: [Fredholm operator, relatedTo, Fredholm alternative]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fredholm alternative
Context triple: [Fredholm operator, relatedTo, Fredholm alternative]
  • A. Fredholm operator
    A Fredholm operator is a bounded linear operator between Banach (or Hilbert) spaces with finite-dimensional kernel and cokernel and a closed range, characterized by its integer-valued index.
  • B. Lax–Milgram theorem
    The Lax–Milgram theorem is a fundamental result in functional analysis that guarantees the existence and uniqueness of solutions to certain linear boundary value problems via bounded, coercive bilinear forms on Hilbert spaces.
  • C. Schauder fixed-point theorem
    The Schauder fixed-point theorem is a fundamental result in functional analysis that guarantees the existence of fixed points for continuous compact mappings on convex closed subsets of Banach spaces, generalizing the Brouwer fixed-point theorem to infinite-dimensional settings.
  • D. Bohr–Courant theorem
    The Bohr–Courant theorem is a classical result in analytic number theory describing the value distribution of Dirichlet series, particularly the Riemann zeta function, and serves as a precursor to modern universality theorems such as Voronin’s.
  • E. Gelfand–Levitan theory
    Gelfand–Levitan theory is a foundational framework in inverse spectral theory that reconstructs differential operators or potentials from their spectral data using integral equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Fredholm alternative
Triple: [Fredholm operator, relatedTo, Fredholm alternative]
Generated description
The Fredholm alternative is a fundamental result in functional analysis that characterizes when linear equations involving compact or Fredholm operators have unique solutions, infinitely many solutions, or no solution, in terms of the associated homogeneous problem.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Fredholm alternative
Target entity description: The Fredholm alternative is a fundamental result in functional analysis that characterizes when linear equations involving compact or Fredholm operators have unique solutions, infinitely many solutions, or no solution, in terms of the associated homogeneous problem.
  • A. Fredholm operator
    A Fredholm operator is a bounded linear operator between Banach (or Hilbert) spaces with finite-dimensional kernel and cokernel and a closed range, characterized by its integer-valued index.
  • B. Lax–Milgram theorem
    The Lax–Milgram theorem is a fundamental result in functional analysis that guarantees the existence and uniqueness of solutions to certain linear boundary value problems via bounded, coercive bilinear forms on Hilbert spaces.
  • C. Schauder fixed-point theorem
    The Schauder fixed-point theorem is a fundamental result in functional analysis that guarantees the existence of fixed points for continuous compact mappings on convex closed subsets of Banach spaces, generalizing the Brouwer fixed-point theorem to infinite-dimensional settings.
  • D. Bohr–Courant theorem
    The Bohr–Courant theorem is a classical result in analytic number theory describing the value distribution of Dirichlet series, particularly the Riemann zeta function, and serves as a precursor to modern universality theorems such as Voronin’s.
  • E. Gelfand–Levitan theory
    Gelfand–Levitan theory is a foundational framework in inverse spectral theory that reconstructs differential operators or potentials from their spectral data using integral equations.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d87f1c65e48190aa2b4c472e9bafc4 completed April 10, 2026, 4:39 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e21d9724808190a8332987583a345a completed April 17, 2026, 11:46 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69fff7a9ebf08190aa21cdff051f4ba2 completed May 10, 2026, 3:12 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69fff86a556c819096bc008e1ca76e8c completed May 10, 2026, 3:15 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69fff926120081909f1042bf3a16ea10 completed May 10, 2026, 3:19 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 5:01 a.m.