Triple

T1614415
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Robert Kraichnan E34682 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Lagrangian-history closure approximation
The Lagrangian-history closure approximation is a turbulence modeling technique that uses the past trajectories of fluid particles to statistically approximate nonlinear interactions in turbulent flows.
 E183468 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Lagrangian-history closure approximation | Statement: [Robert Kraichnan, knownFor, Lagrangian-history closure approximation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Lagrangian-history closure approximation
Context triple: [Robert Kraichnan, knownFor, Lagrangian-history closure approximation]
  • A. The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence
    The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence is a classic monograph in fluid dynamics that provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of statistically uniform turbulent flows.
  • B. Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids
    Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids is a seminal scientific monograph by Chia-Shun Yih that develops the theoretical foundations of fluid motion in media with spatially varying density and related properties.
  • C. Navier–Stokes equations
    The Navier–Stokes equations are fundamental partial differential equations in fluid mechanics that describe how the velocity field of a fluid evolves under forces like pressure and viscosity.
  • D. Smoluchowski coagulation equation
    The Smoluchowski coagulation equation is a fundamental integro-differential equation in statistical physics that models how particles undergoing random collisions aggregate over time into larger clusters.
  • E. Stratified Flows
    Stratified Flows is a seminal work in fluid mechanics that analyzes the behavior and stability of fluids with density variations, particularly in geophysical and environmental contexts.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Lagrangian-history closure approximation
Triple: [Robert Kraichnan, knownFor, Lagrangian-history closure approximation]
Generated description
The Lagrangian-history closure approximation is a turbulence modeling technique that uses the past trajectories of fluid particles to statistically approximate nonlinear interactions in turbulent flows.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Lagrangian-history closure approximation
Target entity description: The Lagrangian-history closure approximation is a turbulence modeling technique that uses the past trajectories of fluid particles to statistically approximate nonlinear interactions in turbulent flows.
  • A. The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence
    The Theory of Homogeneous Turbulence is a classic monograph in fluid dynamics that provides a rigorous mathematical treatment of statistically uniform turbulent flows.
  • B. Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids
    Dynamics of Nonhomogeneous Fluids is a seminal scientific monograph by Chia-Shun Yih that develops the theoretical foundations of fluid motion in media with spatially varying density and related properties.
  • C. Navier–Stokes equations
    The Navier–Stokes equations are fundamental partial differential equations in fluid mechanics that describe how the velocity field of a fluid evolves under forces like pressure and viscosity.
  • D. Smoluchowski coagulation equation
    The Smoluchowski coagulation equation is a fundamental integro-differential equation in statistical physics that models how particles undergoing random collisions aggregate over time into larger clusters.
  • E. Stratified Flows
    Stratified Flows is a seminal work in fluid mechanics that analyzes the behavior and stability of fluids with density variations, particularly in geophysical and environmental contexts.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a885ffc5ec819091afa325d5f9611c completed March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a9098f384c81909ef836ee779466e2 completed March 5, 2026, 4:41 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ad51ca2bc48190abb83f4d84782334 completed March 8, 2026, 10:39 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ad55d41c048190a2d85dc19bc56242 completed March 8, 2026, 10:56 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ad564aed808190a58dbf3a84780255 completed March 8, 2026, 10:58 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:28 p.m.