Triple
T16081930
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Kellwasser events |
E390129
|
entity |
| Predicate | partOf |
P40
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Paleozoic mass extinctions
Paleozoic mass extinctions were several major biodiversity crises between roughly 541 and 252 million years ago that dramatically reshaped marine and terrestrial life, including events like the Kellwasser extinctions and culminating in the end-Permian “Great Dying.”
|
E1193146
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Paleozoic mass extinctions | Statement: [Kellwasser events, partOf, Paleozoic mass extinctions]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paleozoic mass extinctions Context triple: [Kellwasser events, partOf, Paleozoic mass extinctions]
-
A.
Phanerozoic mass extinctions
Phanerozoic mass extinctions are the handful of catastrophic, globally disruptive biodiversity crises over the last ~540 million years that abruptly wiped out large proportions of Earth’s species and reshaped the course of evolution.
-
B.
Late Ordovician mass extinction
The Late Ordovician mass extinction was one of Earth’s largest biodiversity crises, during which severe climate change and glaciation led to the rapid loss of a substantial portion of marine species.
-
C.
Permian–Triassic mass extinction
The Permian–Triassic mass extinction was the most severe biodiversity crisis in Earth's history, wiping out the majority of marine and terrestrial species around 252 million years ago and marking the boundary between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.
-
D.
Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions
*Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions* is a scientific book by geologist Anthony Hallam that examines the geological and biological evidence behind major extinction events in Earth's history.
-
E.
Late Devonian extinction
The Late Devonian extinction was a prolonged series of biodiversity crises around 375–359 million years ago that devastated marine life, especially reef ecosystems and armored fishes, and ranks among the largest mass extinctions in Earth’s history.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Paleozoic mass extinctions Triple: [Kellwasser events, partOf, Paleozoic mass extinctions]
Generated description
Paleozoic mass extinctions were several major biodiversity crises between roughly 541 and 252 million years ago that dramatically reshaped marine and terrestrial life, including events like the Kellwasser extinctions and culminating in the end-Permian “Great Dying.”
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Paleozoic mass extinctions Target entity description: Paleozoic mass extinctions were several major biodiversity crises between roughly 541 and 252 million years ago that dramatically reshaped marine and terrestrial life, including events like the Kellwasser extinctions and culminating in the end-Permian “Great Dying.”
-
A.
Phanerozoic mass extinctions
Phanerozoic mass extinctions are the handful of catastrophic, globally disruptive biodiversity crises over the last ~540 million years that abruptly wiped out large proportions of Earth’s species and reshaped the course of evolution.
-
B.
Late Ordovician mass extinction
The Late Ordovician mass extinction was one of Earth’s largest biodiversity crises, during which severe climate change and glaciation led to the rapid loss of a substantial portion of marine species.
-
C.
Permian–Triassic mass extinction
The Permian–Triassic mass extinction was the most severe biodiversity crisis in Earth's history, wiping out the majority of marine and terrestrial species around 252 million years ago and marking the boundary between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.
-
D.
Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions
*Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions* is a scientific book by geologist Anthony Hallam that examines the geological and biological evidence behind major extinction events in Earth's history.
-
E.
Late Devonian extinction
The Late Devonian extinction was a prolonged series of biodiversity crises around 375–359 million years ago that devastated marine life, especially reef ecosystems and armored fishes, and ranks among the largest mass extinctions in Earth’s history.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d86daf32ec8190a8c0466c8f49c3c0 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 3:25 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e1844b86288190ad0452aad6bdd5fb |
completed | April 17, 2026, 12:52 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ffe48cf76c8190bc96168fc2326ffb |
completed | May 10, 2026, 1:51 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ffe5f7c9008190ba6239bc35ac7ebd |
completed | May 10, 2026, 1:57 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ffe6a16b30819088a5d43c73715645 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 2 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:57 a.m.