Triple
T16028064
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Duchy of Parma and Piacenza |
E388768
|
entity |
| Predicate | ruledBy |
P3022
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Dukes of Parma and Piacenza
The Dukes of Parma and Piacenza were the hereditary sovereign rulers of the small Italian duchy centered on the cities of Parma and Piacenza, most prominently associated with the Farnese and later Bourbon-Parma dynasties.
|
E75738
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Dukes of Parma and Piacenza | Statement: [Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, ruledBy, Dukes of Parma and Piacenza]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dukes of Parma and Piacenza Context triple: [Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, ruledBy, Dukes of Parma and Piacenza]
-
A.
Dukes of Spoleto
The Dukes of Spoleto were powerful Lombard and later Frankish-appointed rulers of a strategic duchy in central Italy during the early Middle Ages.
-
B.
Dukes of Benevento
The Dukes of Benevento were Lombard rulers of a powerful and semi-independent duchy in southern Italy during the early Middle Ages.
-
C.
House of Bourbon-Parma
The House of Bourbon-Parma is a cadet branch of the Spanish Bourbons that ruled the Duchy of Parma and continues as a European royal dynasty with historical ties to Italy, Spain, and Luxembourg.
-
D.
Marquises of Mantua
The Marquises of Mantua were the hereditary rulers of the Italian city-state of Mantua from the influential Gonzaga family, who governed the region during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance.
-
E.
Prince of Savoy
Prince of Savoy is a dynastic title traditionally borne by male members of the former ruling House of Savoy of Italy.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Dukes of Parma and Piacenza Triple: [Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, ruledBy, Dukes of Parma and Piacenza]
Generated description
The Dukes of Parma and Piacenza were the hereditary sovereign rulers of the small Italian duchy centered on the cities of Parma and Piacenza, most prominently associated with the Farnese and later Bourbon-Parma dynasties.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Dukes of Parma and Piacenza Target entity description: The Dukes of Parma and Piacenza were the hereditary sovereign rulers of the small Italian duchy centered on the cities of Parma and Piacenza, most prominently associated with the Farnese and later Bourbon-Parma dynasties.
-
A.
Dukes of Spoleto
The Dukes of Spoleto were powerful Lombard and later Frankish-appointed rulers of a strategic duchy in central Italy during the early Middle Ages.
-
B.
Dukes of Benevento
The Dukes of Benevento were Lombard rulers of a powerful and semi-independent duchy in southern Italy during the early Middle Ages.
-
C.
House of Bourbon-Parma
chosen
The House of Bourbon-Parma is a cadet branch of the Spanish Bourbons that ruled the Duchy of Parma and continues as a European royal dynasty with historical ties to Italy, Spain, and Luxembourg.
-
D.
Marquises of Mantua
The Marquises of Mantua were the hereditary rulers of the Italian city-state of Mantua from the influential Gonzaga family, who governed the region during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance.
-
E.
Prince of Savoy
Prince of Savoy is a dynastic title traditionally borne by male members of the former ruling House of Savoy of Italy.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d86dada3808190825d5f80d72fbe88 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 3:25 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e183294984819080b8727a3511a21b |
completed | April 17, 2026, 12:47 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ffcf33c6a881909284933ea3b7dd6e |
completed | May 10, 2026, 12:20 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ffd01d545c8190a96cd888223c7fa9 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 12:23 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ffd0b3d4b08190b1be30954d5d76c0 |
completed | May 10, 2026, 12:26 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:56 a.m.