Triple

T15938249
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject balance sheet recession theory E386492 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession
The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession is Richard Koo’s influential book that analyzes Japan’s prolonged stagnation and develops the concept of a balance sheet recession to explain its macroeconomic dynamics and policy implications.
E1184514 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession | Statement: [balance sheet recession theory, notableWork, The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession
Context triple: [balance sheet recession theory, notableWork, The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession]
  • A. The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression
    The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression is an academic work that analyzes the causes, dynamics, and policy responses of the Great Depression using modern macroeconomic theory and empirical methods.
  • B. What Ends Recessions? (with Christina Romer)
    "What Ends Recessions? (with Christina Romer)" is an influential economic study co-authored by David and Christina Romer that analyzes the effectiveness of different policy responses in bringing economic downturns to an end.
  • C. Keynesian business cycle theories
    Keynesian business cycle theories explain economic fluctuations primarily through changes in aggregate demand, emphasizing the roles of price and wage rigidities, government policy, and market imperfections in causing and mitigating recessions and booms.
  • D. American Economic Review: Macroeconomics
    American Economic Review: Macroeconomics is a field journal of the American Economic Association that publishes leading research on macroeconomic theory, policy, and empirical analysis.
  • E. “Microeconomic Heterogeneity and Macroeconomic Shocks”
    “Microeconomic Heterogeneity and Macroeconomic Shocks” is an influential economics paper by Greg Kaplan that analyzes how differences across individual households shape the aggregate effects of macroeconomic disturbances.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession
Triple: [balance sheet recession theory, notableWork, The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession]
Generated description
The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession is Richard Koo’s influential book that analyzes Japan’s prolonged stagnation and develops the concept of a balance sheet recession to explain its macroeconomic dynamics and policy implications.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession
Target entity description: The Holy Grail of Macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan’s Great Recession is Richard Koo’s influential book that analyzes Japan’s prolonged stagnation and develops the concept of a balance sheet recession to explain its macroeconomic dynamics and policy implications.
  • A. The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression
    The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression is an academic work that analyzes the causes, dynamics, and policy responses of the Great Depression using modern macroeconomic theory and empirical methods.
  • B. What Ends Recessions? (with Christina Romer)
    "What Ends Recessions? (with Christina Romer)" is an influential economic study co-authored by David and Christina Romer that analyzes the effectiveness of different policy responses in bringing economic downturns to an end.
  • C. Keynesian business cycle theories
    Keynesian business cycle theories explain economic fluctuations primarily through changes in aggregate demand, emphasizing the roles of price and wage rigidities, government policy, and market imperfections in causing and mitigating recessions and booms.
  • D. American Economic Review: Macroeconomics
    American Economic Review: Macroeconomics is a field journal of the American Economic Association that publishes leading research on macroeconomic theory, policy, and empirical analysis.
  • E. “Microeconomic Heterogeneity and Macroeconomic Shocks”
    “Microeconomic Heterogeneity and Macroeconomic Shocks” is an influential economics paper by Greg Kaplan that analyzes how differences across individual households shape the aggregate effects of macroeconomic disturbances.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d86da750008190987eb26be3f6c118 completed April 10, 2026, 3:25 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e156ac934c8190b6178eb66023252e completed April 16, 2026, 9:37 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ffb5b8121881909b15bf6451d3d3a8 completed May 9, 2026, 10:31 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ffb718d60481908ac0034ed8d8abc5 completed May 9, 2026, 10:37 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ffb7c98cf8819097c7012040dbfe89 completed May 9, 2026, 10:40 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:53 a.m.