Triple

T15878982
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Donald B. Rubin E385023 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences
"Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences" is a foundational textbook that systematically develops modern methods for drawing causal conclusions from data in fields such as statistics, social science, and biomedicine.
E1184802 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences | Statement: [Donald B. Rubin, notableWork, Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences
Context triple: [Donald B. Rubin, notableWork, Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences]
  • A. Rubin causal model
    The Rubin causal model is a foundational framework in statistics and causal inference that defines causal effects through comparisons of potential outcomes under different treatments or interventions.
  • B. The Theory of Confounding
    The Theory of Confounding is a foundational chapter in R.A. Fisher’s work on experimental design that explains how to manage and interpret the mixing of treatment effects with nuisance factors in statistical experiments.
  • C. “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems”
    “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems” is a foundational econometric work by Ragnar Frisch that develops a systematic regression-based framework for analyzing interdependent economic relationships.
  • D. A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem
    A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem is a influential methodological book by political scientist Gary King that introduces statistical techniques for inferring individual-level behavior from aggregate data.
  • E. The Nomological Character of Causality
    The Nomological Character of Causality is a philosophical section that analyzes how causal relations are grounded in, and constrained by, lawlike regularities in nature.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences
Triple: [Donald B. Rubin, notableWork, Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences]
Generated description
"Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences" is a foundational textbook that systematically develops modern methods for drawing causal conclusions from data in fields such as statistics, social science, and biomedicine.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences
Target entity description: "Causal Inference for Statistics, Social, and Biomedical Sciences" is a foundational textbook that systematically develops modern methods for drawing causal conclusions from data in fields such as statistics, social science, and biomedicine.
  • A. Rubin causal model
    The Rubin causal model is a foundational framework in statistics and causal inference that defines causal effects through comparisons of potential outcomes under different treatments or interventions.
  • B. The Theory of Confounding
    The Theory of Confounding is a foundational chapter in R.A. Fisher’s work on experimental design that explains how to manage and interpret the mixing of treatment effects with nuisance factors in statistical experiments.
  • C. “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems”
    “Statistical Confluence Analysis by Means of Complete Regression Systems” is a foundational econometric work by Ragnar Frisch that develops a systematic regression-based framework for analyzing interdependent economic relationships.
  • D. A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem
    A Solution to the Ecological Inference Problem is a influential methodological book by political scientist Gary King that introduces statistical techniques for inferring individual-level behavior from aggregate data.
  • E. The Nomological Character of Causality
    The Nomological Character of Causality is a philosophical section that analyzes how causal relations are grounded in, and constrained by, lawlike regularities in nature.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d86da4e86481909f1325fdc971b5ec completed April 10, 2026, 3:25 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e155ff96588190b8fca1c3bf4a39a2 completed April 16, 2026, 9:34 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ffb59f979c8190826e35a16e295704 completed May 9, 2026, 10:30 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ffb6a526188190be80658fb23cacbd completed May 9, 2026, 10:35 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ffb71cea948190a1c5998654aee8d5 completed May 9, 2026, 10:37 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:51 a.m.