Triple
T15816031
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | William N. Lipscomb Jr. |
E383478
|
entity |
| Predicate | doctoralThesisTitle |
P1860
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons
"Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons" is the doctoral thesis of chemist William N. Lipscomb Jr., in which he used X-ray and electron diffraction techniques to investigate and elucidate molecular structures.
|
E1178385
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons | Statement: [William N. Lipscomb Jr., doctoralThesisTitle, Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons Context triple: [William N. Lipscomb Jr., doctoralThesisTitle, Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons]
-
A.
X-rays and Crystal Structure
"X-rays and Crystal Structure" is a foundational scientific work by Lawrence Bragg that explains how X-ray diffraction can be used to determine the atomic structure of crystals.
-
B.
X-ray diffraction images of DNA
X-ray diffraction images of DNA are high-resolution photographic patterns that revealed the helical structure of DNA and were crucial in determining its double-helix model.
-
C.
X-ray Diffraction (book)
"X-ray Diffraction" is a classic textbook by B. E. Warren that provides a foundational treatment of the theory and applications of X-ray diffraction in crystallography and materials science.
-
D.
The Nature of the Chemical Bond
The Nature of the Chemical Bond is a landmark chemistry book by Linus Pauling that systematically explains chemical bonding using quantum mechanics and became one of the most influential scientific texts of the 20th century.
-
E.
Neumann’s principle in crystallography
Neumann’s principle in crystallography is a fundamental rule stating that the symmetry elements of any physical property of a crystal must include the symmetry elements of the crystal’s point group.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons Triple: [William N. Lipscomb Jr., doctoralThesisTitle, Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons]
Generated description
"Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons" is the doctoral thesis of chemist William N. Lipscomb Jr., in which he used X-ray and electron diffraction techniques to investigate and elucidate molecular structures.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons Target entity description: "Studies in the structure of molecules by the diffraction of X-rays and of electrons" is the doctoral thesis of chemist William N. Lipscomb Jr., in which he used X-ray and electron diffraction techniques to investigate and elucidate molecular structures.
-
A.
X-rays and Crystal Structure
"X-rays and Crystal Structure" is a foundational scientific work by Lawrence Bragg that explains how X-ray diffraction can be used to determine the atomic structure of crystals.
-
B.
X-ray diffraction images of DNA
X-ray diffraction images of DNA are high-resolution photographic patterns that revealed the helical structure of DNA and were crucial in determining its double-helix model.
-
C.
X-ray Diffraction (book)
"X-ray Diffraction" is a classic textbook by B. E. Warren that provides a foundational treatment of the theory and applications of X-ray diffraction in crystallography and materials science.
-
D.
The Nature of the Chemical Bond
The Nature of the Chemical Bond is a landmark chemistry book by Linus Pauling that systematically explains chemical bonding using quantum mechanics and became one of the most influential scientific texts of the 20th century.
-
E.
Neumann’s principle in crystallography
Neumann’s principle in crystallography is a fundamental rule stating that the symmetry elements of any physical property of a crystal must include the symmetry elements of the crystal’s point group.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d86da2858c819090cc8481e7207b6e |
completed | April 10, 2026, 3:25 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e0c4a306a48190840adc49df2c26c5 |
completed | April 16, 2026, 11:14 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ff99959f048190ae24a072387ec233 |
completed | May 9, 2026, 8:31 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ff9ad6b29081909ff2abb2c4d866a4 |
completed | May 9, 2026, 8:36 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ff9b443280819088dbf18f7c57406b |
completed | May 9, 2026, 8:38 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:49 a.m.