Triple
T15733034
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Buchwald–Hartwig amination |
E381391
|
entity |
| Predicate | relatedTo |
P37
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Chan–Lam coupling
Chan–Lam coupling is a copper-mediated cross-coupling reaction that forms C–N, C–O, and C–C bonds by coupling boronic acids with nucleophiles under mild, often aerobic conditions.
|
E1174550
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Chan–Lam coupling | Statement: [Buchwald–Hartwig amination, relatedTo, Chan–Lam coupling]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Chan–Lam coupling Context triple: [Buchwald–Hartwig amination, relatedTo, Chan–Lam coupling]
-
A.
Yukawa coupling
The Yukawa coupling is a parameter in quantum field theory that quantifies the strength of interaction between a scalar field (such as the Higgs field) and a fermion, determining the fermion’s mass after symmetry breaking.
-
B.
Coupling
Coupling is a British television sitcom created and written by Steven Moffat that follows the intertwined romantic and social lives of six friends, often compared to Friends for its ensemble cast and relationship-focused comedy.
-
C.
Esaki–Tsu relation
The Esaki–Tsu relation is a fundamental formula in semiconductor physics that describes the nonlinear current–voltage characteristics and negative differential conductivity of electrons in superlattices under high electric fields.
-
D.
Parisi–Sourlas mechanism
The Parisi–Sourlas mechanism is a theoretical physics concept showing how certain stochastic systems in higher dimensions can be mapped to supersymmetric field theories in lower dimensions, revealing hidden supersymmetry and dimensional reduction.
-
E.
Huang–Rhys factor
The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Chan–Lam coupling Triple: [Buchwald–Hartwig amination, relatedTo, Chan–Lam coupling]
Generated description
Chan–Lam coupling is a copper-mediated cross-coupling reaction that forms C–N, C–O, and C–C bonds by coupling boronic acids with nucleophiles under mild, often aerobic conditions.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Chan–Lam coupling Target entity description: Chan–Lam coupling is a copper-mediated cross-coupling reaction that forms C–N, C–O, and C–C bonds by coupling boronic acids with nucleophiles under mild, often aerobic conditions.
-
A.
Yukawa coupling
The Yukawa coupling is a parameter in quantum field theory that quantifies the strength of interaction between a scalar field (such as the Higgs field) and a fermion, determining the fermion’s mass after symmetry breaking.
-
B.
Coupling
Coupling is a British television sitcom created and written by Steven Moffat that follows the intertwined romantic and social lives of six friends, often compared to Friends for its ensemble cast and relationship-focused comedy.
-
C.
Esaki–Tsu relation
The Esaki–Tsu relation is a fundamental formula in semiconductor physics that describes the nonlinear current–voltage characteristics and negative differential conductivity of electrons in superlattices under high electric fields.
-
D.
Parisi–Sourlas mechanism
The Parisi–Sourlas mechanism is a theoretical physics concept showing how certain stochastic systems in higher dimensions can be mapped to supersymmetric field theories in lower dimensions, revealing hidden supersymmetry and dimensional reduction.
-
E.
Huang–Rhys factor
The Huang–Rhys factor is a dimensionless parameter in solid-state and molecular spectroscopy that quantifies the strength of electron–phonon (vibronic) coupling during electronic transitions.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d86d9cdb648190bf3171be0bd7d872 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 3:25 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e04fd3614481908b2694b1d3550058 |
completed | April 16, 2026, 2:56 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ff82fed7888190b45f28ac91e0079e |
completed | May 9, 2026, 6:54 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ff83b7a534819090e24491579376c3 |
completed | May 9, 2026, 6:57 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ff844fa00c8190a47eb46394db097b |
completed | May 9, 2026, 7 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:46 a.m.