Triple

T1567756
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission E33469 entity
Predicate overruledPrecedent P2251 FINISHED
Object Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce was a 1990 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld restrictions on corporate independent political expenditures under the First Amendment until it was later overturned by Citizens United.
E176891 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce | Statement: [Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, overruledPrecedent, Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
Context triple: [Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, overruledPrecedent, Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce]
  • A. Branch v. Texas
    Branch v. Texas is a U.S. Supreme Court case addressing the constitutionality and application of the death penalty in the wake of the landmark Furman v. Georgia decision.
  • B. Alexander v. Sandoval
    Alexander v. Sandoval is a 2001 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held there is no private right of action to enforce disparate-impact regulations under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
  • C. Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting
    Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting is a 2011 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld an Arizona law allowing the state to revoke business licenses of employers who knowingly hire unauthorized immigrants, ruling that it was not preempted by federal immigration law.
  • D. Timbs v. Indiana
    Timbs v. Indiana is a 2019 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the Eighth Amendment’s Excessive Fines Clause applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • E. Milliken v. Bradley
    Milliken v. Bradley is a landmark 1974 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited the scope of school desegregation remedies by ruling that courts could not impose cross-district busing plans absent proof of interdistrict segregation.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
Triple: [Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, overruledPrecedent, Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce]
Generated description
Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce was a 1990 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld restrictions on corporate independent political expenditures under the First Amendment until it was later overturned by Citizens United.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
Target entity description: Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce was a 1990 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld restrictions on corporate independent political expenditures under the First Amendment until it was later overturned by Citizens United.
  • A. Branch v. Texas
    Branch v. Texas is a U.S. Supreme Court case addressing the constitutionality and application of the death penalty in the wake of the landmark Furman v. Georgia decision.
  • B. Alexander v. Sandoval
    Alexander v. Sandoval is a 2001 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held there is no private right of action to enforce disparate-impact regulations under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
  • C. Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting
    Chamber of Commerce v. Whiting is a 2011 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld an Arizona law allowing the state to revoke business licenses of employers who knowingly hire unauthorized immigrants, ruling that it was not preempted by federal immigration law.
  • D. Timbs v. Indiana
    Timbs v. Indiana is a 2019 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the Eighth Amendment’s Excessive Fines Clause applies to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • E. Milliken v. Bradley
    Milliken v. Bradley is a landmark 1974 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited the scope of school desegregation remedies by ruling that courts could not impose cross-district busing plans absent proof of interdistrict segregation.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a885f11b048190935025a035302715 completed March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a908a0314c8190a5ce3e32dd9035db completed March 5, 2026, 4:37 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ad371b99fc8190b8af03444fd1252b completed March 8, 2026, 8:45 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ad37e306948190bbaa14829ce094e6 completed March 8, 2026, 8:48 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ad38d20b608190b95ff9906cfd9f83 completed March 8, 2026, 8:52 a.m.
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:27 p.m.