Triple

T15667158
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Christos H. Papadimitriou E377214 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)
"Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)" is a widely used introductory textbook that presents the design and analysis of algorithms with an emphasis on clarity, rigor, and practical applications in computer science.
E1170226 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani) | Statement: [Christos H. Papadimitriou, notableWork, Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)
Context triple: [Christos H. Papadimitriou, notableWork, Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)]
  • A. Introduction to Algorithms
    Introduction to Algorithms is a widely used, comprehensive textbook on algorithms and data structures, renowned for its rigorous yet accessible coverage of theoretical and practical topics in computer science.
  • B. Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)
    Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) learning is a foundational framework in computational learning theory that formalizes what it means for an algorithm to efficiently learn a concept from examples with high probability and small error.
  • C. The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms
    The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms is a classic computer science textbook that systematically presents fundamental techniques and theoretical foundations for designing and analyzing efficient algorithms.
  • D. P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
    "P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
  • E. Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity
    "Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity" is a widely used graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of computational complexity, including classes like P and NP and the foundations of NP-completeness.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)
Triple: [Christos H. Papadimitriou, notableWork, Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)]
Generated description
"Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)" is a widely used introductory textbook that presents the design and analysis of algorithms with an emphasis on clarity, rigor, and practical applications in computer science.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)
Target entity description: "Algorithms (with Sanjoy Dasgupta and Umesh Vazirani)" is a widely used introductory textbook that presents the design and analysis of algorithms with an emphasis on clarity, rigor, and practical applications in computer science.
  • A. Introduction to Algorithms
    Introduction to Algorithms is a widely used, comprehensive textbook on algorithms and data structures, renowned for its rigorous yet accessible coverage of theoretical and practical topics in computer science.
  • B. Probably Approximately Correct learning (PAC learning)
    Probably Approximately Correct (PAC) learning is a foundational framework in computational learning theory that formalizes what it means for an algorithm to efficiently learn a concept from examples with high probability and small error.
  • C. The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms
    The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms is a classic computer science textbook that systematically presents fundamental techniques and theoretical foundations for designing and analyzing efficient algorithms.
  • D. P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
    "P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
  • E. Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity
    "Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity" is a widely used graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of computational complexity, including classes like P and NP and the foundations of NP-completeness.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d85cd2e28481909d4e975bee20872f completed April 10, 2026, 2:13 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e04f1151548190a14607e762686cb1 completed April 16, 2026, 2:53 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ff67a22888819092ea521bbad7bcb7 completed May 9, 2026, 4:58 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ff68fd16b88190a78772bcd0302189 completed May 9, 2026, 5:03 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ff6943d47881908c1634b43a6d6b96 completed May 9, 2026, 5:05 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:16 a.m.