Triple

T15667126
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Christos H. Papadimitriou E377214 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem
The Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory that characterizes the complexity of certain optimization and approximation problems, particularly in relation to classes like NP and the theory of approximation algorithms.
E1170224 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem | Statement: [Christos H. Papadimitriou, knownFor, Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem
Context triple: [Christos H. Papadimitriou, knownFor, Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem]
  • A. Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity
    "Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity" is a widely used graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of computational complexity, including classes like P and NP and the foundations of NP-completeness.
  • B. Cook–Levin theorem
    The Cook–Levin theorem is a foundational result in computational complexity theory that established the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) as the first NP-complete problem, launching the theory of NP-completeness.
  • C. Babai–Fortnow–Lund–Safra–Szegedy theorem
    The Babai–Fortnow–Lund–Safra–Szegedy theorem is a landmark result in computational complexity theory that characterizes the power of multi-prover interactive proofs by showing they capture exactly the class of nondeterministic exponential-time problems.
  • D. “Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems”
    “Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems” is a seminal theoretical computer science paper by Johan Håstad that establishes tight hardness-of-approximation bounds for satisfiability and related optimization problems using probabilistically checkable proofs.
  • E. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem
Triple: [Christos H. Papadimitriou, knownFor, Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem]
Generated description
The Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory that characterizes the complexity of certain optimization and approximation problems, particularly in relation to classes like NP and the theory of approximation algorithms.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem
Target entity description: The Papadimitriou–Yannakakis theorem is a fundamental result in computational complexity theory that characterizes the complexity of certain optimization and approximation problems, particularly in relation to classes like NP and the theory of approximation algorithms.
  • A. Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity
    "Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity" is a widely used graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of computational complexity, including classes like P and NP and the foundations of NP-completeness.
  • B. Cook–Levin theorem
    The Cook–Levin theorem is a foundational result in computational complexity theory that established the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) as the first NP-complete problem, launching the theory of NP-completeness.
  • C. Babai–Fortnow–Lund–Safra–Szegedy theorem
    The Babai–Fortnow–Lund–Safra–Szegedy theorem is a landmark result in computational complexity theory that characterizes the power of multi-prover interactive proofs by showing they capture exactly the class of nondeterministic exponential-time problems.
  • D. “Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems”
    “Inapproximability results for SAT and other problems” is a seminal theoretical computer science paper by Johan Håstad that establishes tight hardness-of-approximation bounds for satisfiability and related optimization problems using probabilistically checkable proofs.
  • E. Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques
    "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques" is a seminal theoretical computer science paper that introduced powerful interactive proof techniques to show that finding near-maximum cliques in graphs is computationally intractable to approximate within strong bounds.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d85cd2e28481909d4e975bee20872f completed April 10, 2026, 2:13 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e04f1151548190a14607e762686cb1 completed April 16, 2026, 2:53 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ff67a22888819092ea521bbad7bcb7 completed May 9, 2026, 4:58 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ff68fd16b88190a78772bcd0302189 completed May 9, 2026, 5:03 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ff6943d47881908c1634b43a6d6b96 completed May 9, 2026, 5:05 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:16 a.m.