Triple

T15515312
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Born series E368819 entity
Predicate relatedConcept P37 FINISHED
Object Born approximation E75606 NE FINISHED

Named-entity recognition

Before disambiguation, gpt-5-mini classified whether the object phrase is a named entity — the step behind the object's NE type shown above.

Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Born approximation | Statement: [Born series, relatedConcept, Born approximation]

Disambiguation candidates (1 decision)

The exact options the model was shown at each disambiguation step, with the option it chose highlighted — the evidence behind this triple's disambiguated ids.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Born approximation
Context triple: [Born series, relatedConcept, Born approximation]
  • A. Born approximation in scattering theory chosen
    The Born approximation in scattering theory is a perturbative method used in quantum mechanics to approximate scattering amplitudes by treating the interaction potential as a small perturbation to a free-particle wave.
  • B. Lippmann–Schwinger equation
    The Lippmann–Schwinger equation is an integral equation in quantum scattering theory that reformulates the Schrödinger equation to describe how incoming waves are transformed into scattered waves by a potential.
  • C. Bethe–Salpeter equation
    The Bethe–Salpeter equation is a relativistic quantum field theory equation that describes bound states of two interacting particles, such as electron–hole pairs in quantum electrodynamics.
  • D. Migdal approximation
    The Migdal approximation is a theoretical simplification in many-body physics that neglects vertex corrections in electron-phonon interactions, justified when phonon energies are much smaller than electronic energies.
  • E. Bhabha–Corben equations
    The Bhabha–Corben equations are relativistic wave equations in quantum electrodynamics that describe the dynamics of spinning charged particles, developed by physicists Homi J. Bhabha and H. C. Corben.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

Stage Batch ID Job type Status
creating batch_69d85a1794cc8190b0b428716296e63e elicitation completed
NER batch_69e04031e62c8190953b61207142af15 ner completed
NED1 batch_69ff3d4edee481908382ca5cd266f7b0 ned_source_triple completed
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:02 a.m.