Triple
T1531120
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Stark effect |
E32444
|
entity |
| Predicate | occursIn |
P40
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Rydberg atoms
Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms with one or more electrons in very high principal quantum number states, exhibiting exaggerated atomic properties and strong sensitivity to external fields.
|
E173593
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Rydberg atoms | Statement: [Stark effect, occursIn, Rydberg atoms]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rydberg atoms Context triple: [Stark effect, occursIn, Rydberg atoms]
-
A.
Rydberg constant
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
B.
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory is a fundamental method in quantum mechanics for approximating the energies and states of a system by treating interactions as small corrections to an exactly solvable problem.
-
C.
Bose–Einstein condensate
A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
-
D.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
-
E.
Herzberg–Teller approximation
The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Rydberg atoms Triple: [Stark effect, occursIn, Rydberg atoms]
Generated description
Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms with one or more electrons in very high principal quantum number states, exhibiting exaggerated atomic properties and strong sensitivity to external fields.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rydberg atoms Target entity description: Rydberg atoms are highly excited atoms with one or more electrons in very high principal quantum number states, exhibiting exaggerated atomic properties and strong sensitivity to external fields.
-
A.
Rydberg constant
The Rydberg constant is a fundamental physical constant that characterizes the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (or lowest wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from the hydrogen atom, playing a key role in atomic spectroscopy and quantum theory.
-
B.
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory
Rayleigh–Schrödinger perturbation theory is a fundamental method in quantum mechanics for approximating the energies and states of a system by treating interactions as small corrections to an exactly solvable problem.
-
C.
Bose–Einstein condensate
A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
-
D.
Stark effect
The Stark effect is the splitting and shifting of atomic or molecular spectral lines caused by an external electric field.
-
E.
Herzberg–Teller approximation
The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a885ea86308190998f6bc14bb91f8e |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a90816b5e88190aa92a8558e35744b |
completed | March 5, 2026, 4:35 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ad2957e6e4819087504a16bc32d60b |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:46 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ad2a18a79c81908f04ba9aa55d52a0 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:49 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ad2a8deae8819095731fdd1b4bd310 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:51 a.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:26 p.m.