Triple
T1523948
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Harry Nyquist |
E32291
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory
Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory is the foundational framework in electrical engineering and physics that quantifies the random voltage and current fluctuations arising from the thermal agitation of charge carriers in resistive components.
|
E175077
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory | Statement: [Harry Nyquist, notableWork, Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory Context triple: [Harry Nyquist, notableWork, Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory]
-
A.
Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
-
B.
Unruh effect
The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
-
C.
Theory and Calculation of Alternating Current Phenomena
Theory and Calculation of Alternating Current Phenomena is a foundational electrical engineering text that systematically develops the mathematical analysis and practical design principles of alternating current (AC) circuits and machinery.
-
D.
Onsager reciprocal relations
Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
-
E.
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory Triple: [Harry Nyquist, notableWork, Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory]
Generated description
Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory is the foundational framework in electrical engineering and physics that quantifies the random voltage and current fluctuations arising from the thermal agitation of charge carriers in resistive components.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory Target entity description: Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory is the foundational framework in electrical engineering and physics that quantifies the random voltage and current fluctuations arising from the thermal agitation of charge carriers in resistive components.
-
A.
Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies
The Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies is the classical approximation for blackbody radiation that accurately describes the long-wavelength, low-energy limit of Planck’s radiation spectrum.
-
B.
Unruh effect
The Unruh effect is a predicted phenomenon in quantum field theory where an accelerating observer perceives what inertial observers consider vacuum as a warm bath of particles with a characteristic temperature.
-
C.
Theory and Calculation of Alternating Current Phenomena
Theory and Calculation of Alternating Current Phenomena is a foundational electrical engineering text that systematically develops the mathematical analysis and practical design principles of alternating current (AC) circuits and machinery.
-
D.
Onsager reciprocal relations
Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
-
E.
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation
Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation is a fundamental principle in thermodynamics stating that, for a body in thermal equilibrium, its emissivity equals its absorptivity at each wavelength.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a885e9b0ac819093a9806ad0efc82c |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a90800433c8190b23ae2860493a16e |
completed | March 5, 2026, 4:35 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ad2951c1ec8190b7ac04cd820a2bfa |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:46 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ad2d3e2b388190a73f2604d97bb4aa |
completed | March 8, 2026, 8:03 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ad2df61a70819094148563f924a5c5 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 8:06 a.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:26 p.m.