Triple

T15159872
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Mark Gertler E362179 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations”
“Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations” is an influential macroeconomics paper that analyzes how financial frictions and firms’ balance sheets amplify and propagate business cycles.
E1140769 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations” | Statement: [Mark Gertler, notableWork, “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations”]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations”
Context triple: [Mark Gertler, notableWork, “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations”]
  • A. "The Nature of the Firm"
    "The Nature of the Firm" is a foundational 1937 economic essay by Ronald Coase that explains why firms exist and how transaction costs shape their size and structure.
  • B. Firms, Contracts, and Financial Structure
    Firms, Contracts, and Financial Structure is a seminal book in contract theory and corporate finance that analyzes how contractual arrangements shape the boundaries, governance, and capital structure of firms.
  • C. Reports on the relation of corporate finance to control
    "Reports on the relation of corporate finance to control" is an early 20th-century investigative study by the U.S. Bureau of Corporations analyzing how financial structures and ownership patterns influence corporate power and control.
  • D. The Theory of Corporate Finance
    The Theory of Corporate Finance is a comprehensive textbook by economist Jean Tirole that systematically develops modern corporate finance theory using tools from contract theory and information economics.
  • E. The Costs and Benefits of Ownership: A Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration
    "The Costs and Benefits of Ownership: A Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration" is a seminal economics paper by Oliver Hart (with co-authors) that develops the property-rights approach to the firm, explaining how ownership and control of assets shape optimal firm boundaries and integration decisions.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations”
Triple: [Mark Gertler, notableWork, “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations”]
Generated description
“Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations” is an influential macroeconomics paper that analyzes how financial frictions and firms’ balance sheets amplify and propagate business cycles.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations”
Target entity description: “Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations” is an influential macroeconomics paper that analyzes how financial frictions and firms’ balance sheets amplify and propagate business cycles.
  • A. "The Nature of the Firm"
    "The Nature of the Firm" is a foundational 1937 economic essay by Ronald Coase that explains why firms exist and how transaction costs shape their size and structure.
  • B. Firms, Contracts, and Financial Structure
    Firms, Contracts, and Financial Structure is a seminal book in contract theory and corporate finance that analyzes how contractual arrangements shape the boundaries, governance, and capital structure of firms.
  • C. Reports on the relation of corporate finance to control
    "Reports on the relation of corporate finance to control" is an early 20th-century investigative study by the U.S. Bureau of Corporations analyzing how financial structures and ownership patterns influence corporate power and control.
  • D. The Theory of Corporate Finance
    The Theory of Corporate Finance is a comprehensive textbook by economist Jean Tirole that systematically develops modern corporate finance theory using tools from contract theory and information economics.
  • E. The Costs and Benefits of Ownership: A Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration
    "The Costs and Benefits of Ownership: A Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration" is a seminal economics paper by Oliver Hart (with co-authors) that develops the property-rights approach to the firm, explaining how ownership and control of assets shape optimal firm boundaries and integration decisions.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d85a087b7c81908baa94a53dac8d68 completed April 10, 2026, 2:01 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e0060dd71881908ecc4a4f52d438a5 completed April 15, 2026, 9:41 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69febffaa4b88190aab36fdae057e6d2 completed May 9, 2026, 5:02 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69fec23c83ac819087633c0f64e50506 completed May 9, 2026, 5:12 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69fec2f95a408190850e4d81839822ba completed May 9, 2026, 5:15 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 3:08 a.m.