Triple
T1509663
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Gerald Guralnik |
E33984
|
entity |
| Predicate | coAuthorOf |
P2389
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble 1964 paper on broken symmetry and mass of gauge bosons |
E30247
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble 1964 paper on broken symmetry and mass of gauge bosons | Statement: [Gerald Guralnik, coAuthorOf, Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble 1964 paper on broken symmetry and mass of gauge bosons]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble 1964 paper on broken symmetry and mass of gauge bosons Context triple: [Gerald Guralnik, coAuthorOf, Guralnik–Hagen–Kibble 1964 paper on broken symmetry and mass of gauge bosons]
-
A.
Salam–Weinberg model
The Salam–Weinberg model is the electroweak theory that unifies the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces within the Standard Model of particle physics.
-
B.
Higgs mechanism
chosen
The Higgs mechanism is a process in particle physics that explains how fundamental particles acquire mass through their interaction with the Higgs field.
-
C.
“Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles”
“Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles” is a seminal theoretical physics paper by Gerald Guralnik that contributed to the understanding of spontaneous symmetry breaking and the origin of mass in quantum field theory.
-
D.
Weyl’s gauge theory
Weyl’s gauge theory is an early 20th-century theoretical framework that introduced the concept of local gauge invariance, laying foundational ideas for modern gauge theories in particle physics.
-
E.
Gell-Mann–Low theorem
The Gell-Mann–Low theorem is a fundamental result in quantum field theory that rigorously connects interacting quantum fields to free fields via the adiabatic switching-on of interactions, underpinning the use of perturbation theory and the Dyson series.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a885f352a4819099b24ff15489dede |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a8891e9da881909d0b12f1bc05863f |
completed | March 4, 2026, 7:33 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ad294805308190ada3ed69ec71ce43 |
completed | March 8, 2026, 7:46 a.m. |
Created at: March 4, 2026, 7:24 p.m.