Triple

T14890539
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Charu C. Aggarwal E359742 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Recommender Systems: The Textbook
Recommender Systems: The Textbook is a comprehensive academic book by Charu C. Aggarwal that systematically covers the theory, algorithms, and practical applications of modern recommender systems.
E1125803 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Recommender Systems: The Textbook | Statement: [Charu C. Aggarwal, notableWork, Recommender Systems: The Textbook]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Recommender Systems: The Textbook
Context triple: [Charu C. Aggarwal, notableWork, Recommender Systems: The Textbook]
  • A. ACM RecSys
    ACM RecSys is the premier international conference dedicated to research and innovation in recommender systems.
  • B. Mining of Massive Datasets
    "Mining of Massive Datasets" is a widely used textbook that introduces practical and scalable data mining and machine learning techniques for analyzing large-scale datasets.
  • C. Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques
    Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques is a widely used academic textbook that systematically introduces the principles, algorithms, and practical methods of data mining and knowledge discovery from large datasets.
  • D. Deep learning techniques for music recommendation (doctoral work)
    "Deep learning techniques for music recommendation (doctoral work)" is Sander Dieleman’s PhD thesis that pioneered the application of deep neural networks to improve automated music recommendation and discovery.
  • E. Top 10 algorithms in data mining
    "Top 10 algorithms in data mining" is a widely cited survey paper that summarizes and evaluates the most influential data mining algorithms across key tasks such as classification, clustering, and association analysis.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Recommender Systems: The Textbook
Triple: [Charu C. Aggarwal, notableWork, Recommender Systems: The Textbook]
Generated description
Recommender Systems: The Textbook is a comprehensive academic book by Charu C. Aggarwal that systematically covers the theory, algorithms, and practical applications of modern recommender systems.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Recommender Systems: The Textbook
Target entity description: Recommender Systems: The Textbook is a comprehensive academic book by Charu C. Aggarwal that systematically covers the theory, algorithms, and practical applications of modern recommender systems.
  • A. ACM RecSys
    ACM RecSys is the premier international conference dedicated to research and innovation in recommender systems.
  • B. Mining of Massive Datasets
    "Mining of Massive Datasets" is a widely used textbook that introduces practical and scalable data mining and machine learning techniques for analyzing large-scale datasets.
  • C. Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques
    Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques is a widely used academic textbook that systematically introduces the principles, algorithms, and practical methods of data mining and knowledge discovery from large datasets.
  • D. Deep learning techniques for music recommendation (doctoral work)
    "Deep learning techniques for music recommendation (doctoral work)" is Sander Dieleman’s PhD thesis that pioneered the application of deep neural networks to improve automated music recommendation and discovery.
  • E. Top 10 algorithms in data mining
    "Top 10 algorithms in data mining" is a widely cited survey paper that summarizes and evaluates the most influential data mining algorithms across key tasks such as classification, clustering, and association analysis.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d827980cbc8190a0c569ae3940a1d9 completed April 9, 2026, 10:26 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ded5f883288190af602633fa7d6860 completed April 15, 2026, 12:04 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69fe6b61407481908a618d14c56d2abf completed May 8, 2026, 11:01 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69fe6e21bdf481908dba4b745ed4be65 completed May 8, 2026, 11:13 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69fe6ee69860819096a2448ab813dc1d completed May 8, 2026, 11:16 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 2:10 a.m.