Triple

T14265571
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics E353633 entity
Predicate includesEssay P27484 FINISHED
Object Foundations of the calculus of systems
Foundations of the calculus of systems is a scholarly essay in mathematical logic that develops the basic theoretical framework and principles underlying formal systems and their calculi.
E1090257 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Foundations of the calculus of systems | Statement: [Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics, includesEssay, Foundations of the calculus of systems]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Foundations of the calculus of systems
Context triple: [Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics, includesEssay, Foundations of the calculus of systems]
  • A. Inners and Stability of Dynamic Systems
    "Inners and Stability of Dynamic Systems" is a seminal work in control theory by Eliahu I. Jury that analyzes the role of inner functions in determining the stability properties of dynamic systems.
  • B. Nonlinear Control Systems
    Nonlinear Control Systems is a foundational textbook by Alberto Isidori that systematically develops the theory and design methods for controlling nonlinear dynamical systems.
  • C. Lyapunov stability theory
    Lyapunov stability theory is a fundamental framework in dynamical systems and control theory that uses energy-like functions to assess the stability of equilibrium points without explicitly solving differential equations.
  • D. The Systems Approach
    The Systems Approach is a seminal work on systems engineering and complex problem-solving authored by engineer and technologist Simon Ramo.
  • E. Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers
    Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers is a widely used textbook that provides a modern, rigorous introduction to control theory and feedback principles for science and engineering students.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Foundations of the calculus of systems
Triple: [Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics, includesEssay, Foundations of the calculus of systems]
Generated description
Foundations of the calculus of systems is a scholarly essay in mathematical logic that develops the basic theoretical framework and principles underlying formal systems and their calculi.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Foundations of the calculus of systems
Target entity description: Foundations of the calculus of systems is a scholarly essay in mathematical logic that develops the basic theoretical framework and principles underlying formal systems and their calculi.
  • A. Inners and Stability of Dynamic Systems
    "Inners and Stability of Dynamic Systems" is a seminal work in control theory by Eliahu I. Jury that analyzes the role of inner functions in determining the stability properties of dynamic systems.
  • B. Nonlinear Control Systems
    Nonlinear Control Systems is a foundational textbook by Alberto Isidori that systematically develops the theory and design methods for controlling nonlinear dynamical systems.
  • C. Lyapunov stability theory
    Lyapunov stability theory is a fundamental framework in dynamical systems and control theory that uses energy-like functions to assess the stability of equilibrium points without explicitly solving differential equations.
  • D. The Systems Approach
    The Systems Approach is a seminal work on systems engineering and complex problem-solving authored by engineer and technologist Simon Ramo.
  • E. Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers
    Feedback Systems: An Introduction for Scientists and Engineers is a widely used textbook that provides a modern, rigorous introduction to control theory and feedback principles for science and engineering students.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8278c43e08190824146f4632b89a5 completed April 9, 2026, 10:26 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69de6357a8188190ba518a486521052b completed April 14, 2026, 3:55 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69fd326551b08190ae8fe220a6422339 completed May 8, 2026, 12:46 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69fd3417e8e88190b099bfe4ba30f364 completed May 8, 2026, 12:53 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69fd37df3dfc8190a594abb2c14e11bb completed May 8, 2026, 1:09 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:09 a.m.