Triple

T14087965
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Ryogo Kubo E339046 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object fluctuation–dissipation theorem E31542 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: fluctuation–dissipation theorem | Statement: [Ryogo Kubo, knownFor, fluctuation–dissipation theorem]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: fluctuation–dissipation theorem
Context triple: [Ryogo Kubo, knownFor, fluctuation–dissipation theorem]
  • A. fluctuation–dissipation theorem chosen
    The fluctuation–dissipation theorem is a fundamental principle in statistical physics that links the random microscopic fluctuations in a system at thermal equilibrium to its macroscopic response to external perturbations.
  • B. Einstein–Smoluchowski relation
    The Einstein–Smoluchowski relation is a fundamental equation in statistical physics that links the diffusion coefficient of particles undergoing Brownian motion to their mobility and thermal energy.
  • C. Onsager reciprocal relations
    Onsager reciprocal relations are fundamental symmetry relations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics that link pairs of coupled fluxes and forces, showing that certain transport coefficients are equal.
  • D. Onsager–Machlup function
    The Onsager–Machlup function is a functional in stochastic process theory that characterizes the most probable paths of fluctuating systems, playing a key role in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and large deviation theory.
  • E. dynamics of nonequilibrium systems
    Dynamics of nonequilibrium systems is the field of physics that studies how physical systems evolve and organize over time when they are driven away from thermal or mechanical equilibrium.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d81c687b0c819087fd9ed4198403f8 completed April 9, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69de5ee1ce88819091c983286289337e completed April 14, 2026, 3:36 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69fcd0a5c9948190805c2e687c8809ff completed May 7, 2026, 5:49 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 10:21 p.m.