Triple

T13912914
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Landau–Zener formula E334543 entity
Predicate namedAfter P63 FINISHED
Object Clarence Zener
Clarence Zener was an American physicist best known for his work on quantum mechanics and solid-state physics, including the theoretical explanation of Zener tunneling in semiconductors.
E1069006 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Clarence Zener | Statement: [Landau–Zener formula, namedAfter, Clarence Zener]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clarence Zener
Context triple: [Landau–Zener formula, namedAfter, Clarence Zener]
  • A. William R. Shockley
    William R. Shockley was a United States Army soldier and Medal of Honor recipient for his actions during World War II.
  • B. William Shockley
    William Shockley was an American physicist and co-inventor of the transistor whose work helped launch the field of solid-state electronics and earned him a share of the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics.
  • C. Walter Brattain
    Walter Brattain was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known as one of the co-inventors of the transistor.
  • D. John J. Pierce
    John J. Pierce is an American science fiction editor and critic known for his influential work in genre magazines and scholarship.
  • E. Lester Halbert Germer
    Lester Halbert Germer was an American physicist best known for co-discovering electron diffraction in the Davisson–Germer experiment, which confirmed the wave nature of electrons.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Clarence Zener
Triple: [Landau–Zener formula, namedAfter, Clarence Zener]
Generated description
Clarence Zener was an American physicist best known for his work on quantum mechanics and solid-state physics, including the theoretical explanation of Zener tunneling in semiconductors.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clarence Zener
Target entity description: Clarence Zener was an American physicist best known for his work on quantum mechanics and solid-state physics, including the theoretical explanation of Zener tunneling in semiconductors.
  • A. William R. Shockley
    William R. Shockley was a United States Army soldier and Medal of Honor recipient for his actions during World War II.
  • B. William Shockley
    William Shockley was an American physicist and co-inventor of the transistor whose work helped launch the field of solid-state electronics and earned him a share of the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics.
  • C. Walter Brattain
    Walter Brattain was an American physicist and Nobel laureate best known as one of the co-inventors of the transistor.
  • D. John J. Pierce
    John J. Pierce is an American science fiction editor and critic known for his influential work in genre magazines and scholarship.
  • E. Lester Halbert Germer
    Lester Halbert Germer was an American physicist best known for co-discovering electron diffraction in the Davisson–Germer experiment, which confirmed the wave nature of electrons.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d81c5eaa9c819083b1ff8689179565 completed April 9, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69de27245c648190b2946845ce0fdbf8 completed April 14, 2026, 11:38 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f7c72a345481908f8552bca7bb1a5a completed May 3, 2026, 10:07 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f7c8d477f881908f8cfd2783e7f10f completed May 3, 2026, 10:14 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f7ca27ffd4819080bccd6bfd88ddb3 completed May 3, 2026, 10:20 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 10:16 p.m.