Triple

T13857420
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Microsoft Corp. v. United States E333100 entity
Predicate CLOUDActFullName P47087 FINISHED
Object Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act
The Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act (CLOUD Act) is a U.S. law that governs how law enforcement can access electronic data stored abroad by technology and communications companies, including through cross-border data-sharing agreements.
E1066940 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (5 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act | Statement: [Microsoft Corp. v. United States, CLOUDActFullName, Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act
Context triple: [Microsoft Corp. v. United States, CLOUDActFullName, Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act]
  • A. EU–US Privacy Shield
    The EU–US Privacy Shield was a transatlantic data transfer framework that governed how companies could legally move personal data from the European Union to the United States while aiming to ensure adequate privacy protections.
  • B. USA FREEDOM Act
    The USA FREEDOM Act is a 2015 U.S. law that reformed government surveillance authorities, notably curbing bulk collection of Americans’ phone records while renewing and modifying key intelligence-gathering powers.
  • C. EU–US Data Privacy Framework
    The EU–US Data Privacy Framework is a transatlantic data-transfer agreement that sets rules and safeguards for protecting the personal data of EU citizens when it is transferred to and processed in the United States.
  • D. Data Protection Commissioner v Facebook Ireland and Maximillian Schrems
    Data Protection Commissioner v Facebook Ireland and Maximillian Schrems (often called Schrems II) is a landmark 2020 judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union that reshaped international data transfers by striking down the EU–US Privacy Shield framework and tightening conditions for using standard contractual clauses.
  • E. Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act
    The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act is a U.S. federal law that requires telecommunications carriers and certain communication services to design their systems to enable lawful electronic surveillance by law enforcement agencies.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act
Triple: [Microsoft Corp. v. United States, CLOUDActFullName, Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act]
Generated description
The Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act (CLOUD Act) is a U.S. law that governs how law enforcement can access electronic data stored abroad by technology and communications companies, including through cross-border data-sharing agreements.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act
Target entity description: The Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act (CLOUD Act) is a U.S. law that governs how law enforcement can access electronic data stored abroad by technology and communications companies, including through cross-border data-sharing agreements.
  • A. EU–US Privacy Shield
    The EU–US Privacy Shield was a transatlantic data transfer framework that governed how companies could legally move personal data from the European Union to the United States while aiming to ensure adequate privacy protections.
  • B. USA FREEDOM Act
    The USA FREEDOM Act is a 2015 U.S. law that reformed government surveillance authorities, notably curbing bulk collection of Americans’ phone records while renewing and modifying key intelligence-gathering powers.
  • C. EU–US Data Privacy Framework
    The EU–US Data Privacy Framework is a transatlantic data-transfer agreement that sets rules and safeguards for protecting the personal data of EU citizens when it is transferred to and processed in the United States.
  • D. Data Protection Commissioner v Facebook Ireland and Maximillian Schrems
    Data Protection Commissioner v Facebook Ireland and Maximillian Schrems (often called Schrems II) is a landmark 2020 judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union that reshaped international data transfers by striking down the EU–US Privacy Shield framework and tightening conditions for using standard contractual clauses.
  • E. Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act
    The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act is a U.S. federal law that requires telecommunications carriers and certain communication services to design their systems to enable lawful electronic surveillance by law enforcement agencies.
  • F. None of above. chosen
PD Predicate disambiguation gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target predicate: CLOUDActFullName
Context triple: [Microsoft Corp. v. United States, CLOUDActFullName, Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act]
  • A. operatorFullLegalName
    Indicates the complete, officially registered legal name of the operator responsible for an activity, service, or asset.
  • B. succeededBy (Acting CFPB Director)
    Indicates that one individual or role directly follows another as the next Acting CFPB Director in sequence.
  • C. judiciaryAct
    Indicates that an entity is involved in, established by, or otherwise directly related to a specific judiciary act or piece of judicial legislation.
  • D. fullCaseName
    Indicates that one entity is the complete, formal name of a legal case associated with another entity.
  • E. legalInstrumentAbbreviation chosen
    Indicates that one legal instrument is an abbreviated or shortened form of the name or citation of another legal instrument.
  • F. None of above.

Provenance (6 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d81c5ba13c8190839315f54768acfd completed April 9, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69de02dc9f488190b7181dcb7e304632 completed April 14, 2026, 9:03 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f7c0fb7c3c819081fc6f89aa17d6af completed May 3, 2026, 9:41 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f7c2c711948190ac614291592a7e03 completed May 3, 2026, 9:48 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f7c36f28b48190b734a9e5e7ae39b9 completed May 3, 2026, 9:51 p.m.
PD Predicate disambiguation batch_69dbc8691b608190a25a7c70a366b170 completed April 12, 2026, 4:29 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 10:14 p.m.