Triple
T13809666
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Arkady Migdal |
E331852
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions
The Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions is a theoretical method in nuclear and particle physics that factors strong interaction effects into scattering amplitudes to describe how particles interact after the primary reaction has occurred.
|
E1062837
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions | Statement: [Arkady Migdal, knownFor, Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions Context triple: [Arkady Migdal, knownFor, Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions]
-
A.
Born approximation in scattering theory
The Born approximation in scattering theory is a perturbative method used in quantum mechanics to approximate scattering amplitudes by treating the interaction potential as a small perturbation to a free-particle wave.
-
B.
Lippmann–Schwinger equation
The Lippmann–Schwinger equation is an integral equation in quantum scattering theory that reformulates the Schrödinger equation to describe how incoming waves are transformed into scattered waves by a potential.
-
C.
The Photoproduction of Positive and Negative Pions in Hydrogen and Deuterium
"The Photoproduction of Positive and Negative Pions in Hydrogen and Deuterium" is Martin Perl’s doctoral thesis, an experimental particle physics study of how high-energy photons produce charged pions when interacting with hydrogen and deuterium targets.
-
D.
Yukawa meson theory
Yukawa meson theory is an early quantum field theory that models the strong nuclear force as being mediated by massive mesons, introducing the concept of a short-range Yukawa potential between nucleons.
-
E.
Sakata model of hadrons
The Sakata model of hadrons is an early composite model in particle physics that treated hadrons as bound states of a few fundamental baryons, serving as a precursor to the quark model.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions Triple: [Arkady Migdal, knownFor, Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions]
Generated description
The Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions is a theoretical method in nuclear and particle physics that factors strong interaction effects into scattering amplitudes to describe how particles interact after the primary reaction has occurred.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions Target entity description: The Migdal–Watson approach to final-state interactions is a theoretical method in nuclear and particle physics that factors strong interaction effects into scattering amplitudes to describe how particles interact after the primary reaction has occurred.
-
A.
Born approximation in scattering theory
The Born approximation in scattering theory is a perturbative method used in quantum mechanics to approximate scattering amplitudes by treating the interaction potential as a small perturbation to a free-particle wave.
-
B.
Lippmann–Schwinger equation
The Lippmann–Schwinger equation is an integral equation in quantum scattering theory that reformulates the Schrödinger equation to describe how incoming waves are transformed into scattered waves by a potential.
-
C.
The Photoproduction of Positive and Negative Pions in Hydrogen and Deuterium
"The Photoproduction of Positive and Negative Pions in Hydrogen and Deuterium" is Martin Perl’s doctoral thesis, an experimental particle physics study of how high-energy photons produce charged pions when interacting with hydrogen and deuterium targets.
-
D.
Yukawa meson theory
Yukawa meson theory is an early quantum field theory that models the strong nuclear force as being mediated by massive mesons, introducing the concept of a short-range Yukawa potential between nucleons.
-
E.
Sakata model of hadrons
The Sakata model of hadrons is an early composite model in particle physics that treated hadrons as bound states of a few fundamental baryons, serving as a precursor to the quark model.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d81c59f8808190a851bc56afdc55e9 |
completed | April 9, 2026, 9:38 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69de026ff6b481908066d6bf27064417 |
completed | April 14, 2026, 9:01 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69f7b08fbc348190a199c5d92e0e46be |
completed | May 3, 2026, 8:31 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69f7b15143108190a49a09afba93eb45 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 8:34 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69f7b50c31ac81909b17013d57dda164 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 8:50 p.m. |
Created at: April 9, 2026, 10:12 p.m.