Triple
T13686380
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Claude Cohen-Tannoudji |
E328138
|
entity |
| Predicate | knownFor |
P22
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
optical molasses
Optical molasses is a laser-cooling technique that uses counter-propagating laser beams to dramatically slow and cool atoms by exploiting the Doppler effect and radiation pressure.
|
E811517
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: optical molasses | Statement: [Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, knownFor, optical molasses]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: optical molasses Context triple: [Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, knownFor, optical molasses]
-
A.
Doppler cooling
Doppler cooling is a laser-based technique used to reduce the thermal motion of atoms or ions by exploiting the Doppler effect to selectively slow particles moving toward the light source.
-
B.
Ioffe–Pritchard trap
The Ioffe–Pritchard trap is a magnetic confinement device that creates a three-dimensional minimum in magnetic field strength to stably trap neutral atoms or antimatter such as antihydrogen.
-
C.
Bose–Einstein condensate
A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
-
D.
Kapitza–Dirac effect
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
-
E.
Ti:sapphire lasers
Ti:sapphire lasers are widely used tunable ultrafast solid-state lasers capable of generating extremely short, high-intensity pulses across a broad wavelength range.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: optical molasses Triple: [Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, knownFor, optical molasses]
Generated description
Optical molasses is a laser-cooling technique that uses counter-propagating laser beams to dramatically slow and cool atoms by exploiting the Doppler effect and radiation pressure.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: optical molasses Target entity description: Optical molasses is a laser-cooling technique that uses counter-propagating laser beams to dramatically slow and cool atoms by exploiting the Doppler effect and radiation pressure.
-
A.
Doppler cooling
chosen
Doppler cooling is a laser-based technique used to reduce the thermal motion of atoms or ions by exploiting the Doppler effect to selectively slow particles moving toward the light source.
-
B.
Ioffe–Pritchard trap
The Ioffe–Pritchard trap is a magnetic confinement device that creates a three-dimensional minimum in magnetic field strength to stably trap neutral atoms or antimatter such as antihydrogen.
-
C.
Bose–Einstein condensate
A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
-
D.
Kapitza–Dirac effect
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
-
E.
Ti:sapphire lasers
Ti:sapphire lasers are widely used tunable ultrafast solid-state lasers capable of generating extremely short, high-intensity pulses across a broad wavelength range.
- F. None of above.
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8076f1fa8819094664a59b55010df |
completed | April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69dbc670968881908e2b4fdf656c7285 |
completed | April 12, 2026, 4:21 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69f7944981ec8190be5ff39b7c2c70ab |
completed | May 3, 2026, 6:30 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69f795e361c48190b37060312e7df181 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 6:37 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69f796e5c60c8190a19389bc4cdbd658 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 6:41 p.m. |
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:53 p.m.