Triple

T13572631

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	William M. Newman	`E324202`	entity
Predicate	notableWork	`P4`	FINISHED
Object	Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that helped establish the theoretical and practical basis of early computer graphics and interactive systems.	`E187543`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics | Statement: [William M. Newman, notableWork, Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics
Context triple: [William M. Newman, notableWork, Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics]

A. Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics
Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that introduces the principles, algorithms, and techniques underlying modern computer graphics and interactive visual systems.
B. Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice
Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice is a foundational textbook that comprehensively covers the theory and algorithms underlying modern computer graphics.
C. computer graphics
Computer graphics is the field of computer science focused on generating, manipulating, and displaying visual content such as images, animations, and 3D scenes using computational techniques.
D. Computer Science in Real-Time Interactive Simulation
Computer Science in Real-Time Interactive Simulation is a specialized degree program focused on the theory and practice of real-time graphics, game engine architecture, and interactive software systems.
E. The Graphics Programming Black Book
The Graphics Programming Black Book is a highly regarded collection of Michael Abrash’s writings on low-level graphics, performance optimization, and game programming, especially in the DOS and early PC era.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics
Triple: [William M. Newman, notableWork, Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics]

Generated description

Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that helped establish the theoretical and practical basis of early computer graphics and interactive systems.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics
Target entity description: Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that helped establish the theoretical and practical basis of early computer graphics and interactive systems.

A. Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics chosen
Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that introduces the principles, algorithms, and techniques underlying modern computer graphics and interactive visual systems.
B. Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice
Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice is a foundational textbook that comprehensively covers the theory and algorithms underlying modern computer graphics.
C. computer graphics
Computer graphics is the field of computer science focused on generating, manipulating, and displaying visual content such as images, animations, and 3D scenes using computational techniques.
D. Computer Science in Real-Time Interactive Simulation
Computer Science in Real-Time Interactive Simulation is a specialized degree program focused on the theory and practice of real-time graphics, game engine architecture, and interactive software systems.
E. The Graphics Programming Black Book
The Graphics Programming Black Book is a highly regarded collection of Michael Abrash’s writings on low-level graphics, performance optimization, and game programming, especially in the DOS and early PC era.
F. None of above.

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69d80769100c819099111274614f5ed2`	completed	April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69dbb0106cb48190b20eb9bda131a68a`	completed	April 12, 2026, 2:45 p.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69f76bb827d48190958e5710d554cd04`	completed	May 3, 2026, 3:37 p.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69f77641e5308190a75bcffeb9bfd7b4`	completed	May 3, 2026, 4:22 p.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69f7791add908190af69b23a54eb7560`	completed	May 3, 2026, 4:34 p.m.

Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:48 p.m.