Triple

T13443742
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Carl Ludwig E320427 entity
Predicate hasNotableBearer P458 FINISHED
Object Carl Ludwig (physiologist)
Carl Ludwig (physiologist) was a 19th-century German physician and physiologist renowned for his pioneering work in cardiovascular physiology and the development of experimental methods and instruments in physiology.
 E1041746 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Carl Ludwig (physiologist) | Statement: [Carl Ludwig, hasNotableBearer, Carl Ludwig (physiologist)]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Carl Ludwig (physiologist)
Context triple: [Carl Ludwig, hasNotableBearer, Carl Ludwig (physiologist)]
  • A. Felix Hoppe-Seyler
    Felix Hoppe-Seyler was a pioneering German physiologist and chemist regarded as a founder of biochemistry and molecular biology, known for his work on blood pigments and proteins.
  • B. Emil du Bois-Reymond
    Emil du Bois-Reymond was a 19th-century German physiologist renowned for his pioneering work on bioelectricity and the physiology of the nervous system.
  • C. Johannes Müller
    Johannes Müller was a pioneering 19th-century German physiologist whose work helped establish modern experimental physiology and deeply influenced a generation of scientists.
  • D. Claude Bernard
    Claude Bernard was a pioneering 19th-century French physiologist regarded as one of the founders of experimental medicine and modern physiology.
  • E. Georg von Krogh
    Georg von Krogh is a Swiss-based organizational theorist and professor known for his influential research on knowledge management, innovation, and organizational learning.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Carl Ludwig (physiologist)
Triple: [Carl Ludwig, hasNotableBearer, Carl Ludwig (physiologist)]
Generated description
Carl Ludwig (physiologist) was a 19th-century German physician and physiologist renowned for his pioneering work in cardiovascular physiology and the development of experimental methods and instruments in physiology.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Carl Ludwig (physiologist)
Target entity description: Carl Ludwig (physiologist) was a 19th-century German physician and physiologist renowned for his pioneering work in cardiovascular physiology and the development of experimental methods and instruments in physiology.
  • A. Felix Hoppe-Seyler
    Felix Hoppe-Seyler was a pioneering German physiologist and chemist regarded as a founder of biochemistry and molecular biology, known for his work on blood pigments and proteins.
  • B. Emil du Bois-Reymond
    Emil du Bois-Reymond was a 19th-century German physiologist renowned for his pioneering work on bioelectricity and the physiology of the nervous system.
  • C. Johannes Müller
    Johannes Müller was a pioneering 19th-century German physiologist whose work helped establish modern experimental physiology and deeply influenced a generation of scientists.
  • D. Claude Bernard
    Claude Bernard was a pioneering 19th-century French physiologist regarded as one of the founders of experimental medicine and modern physiology.
  • E. Georg von Krogh
    Georg von Krogh is a Swiss-based organizational theorist and professor known for his influential research on knowledge management, innovation, and organizational learning.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d80761e6cc8190a90c844589998ecc completed April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69dbaee881888190811ddf01bc699864 completed April 12, 2026, 2:40 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f739965ef081909e85881ce805bbb5 completed May 3, 2026, 12:03 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f740e536d48190af369b38aa42438d completed May 3, 2026, 12:34 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f741b72d08819087808bf9bcffa0a1 completed May 3, 2026, 12:38 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:40 p.m.